rTMS-integrated dual-task training showed robust effects on lower limb motor recovery in stroke survivors compared to single-task or dual-task walking groups.

This randomized controlled trial investigated the efficacy of rTMS-integrated dual-task training in 150 stroke survivors. Participants were assigned to either the intervention group or comparator groups consisting of single-task walking and cognitive-motor dual-task walking. Assessments for lower limb motor recovery, gait, balance, biomechanical parameters, and hemodynamic responses in the supplementary motor area and premotor cortex were conducted at baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months post-intervention.

Analysis using a two-way repeated measures ANOVA revealed a highly robust group by time interaction regarding lower limb motor recovery. The study did not report specific effect sizes, absolute numbers for outcomes, or exact p-values beyond implying significance through the description of robustness. Secondary outcomes including gait, balance, and hemodynamic responses were also assessed but specific numerical results were not provided in the available data.

Safety and tolerability data, including adverse events, serious adverse events, discontinuations, and general tolerability, were not reported. Funding sources and potential conflicts of interest were also not disclosed. The study setting was not specified. While the findings suggest a potential benefit, the lack of reported effect sizes and safety data limits the immediate clinical applicability. The robustness of the interaction indicates a strong statistical signal, yet the absence of detailed metrics prevents precise quantification of the intervention's magnitude.