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Baduanjin training improves motor symptoms and anxiety more than brisk walking in Parkinson's diseaseMindful movement training improved motor skills and mood better than brisk walking for early Parkinson's

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Key Takeaway
Consider Baduanjin for motor and anxiety benefits in PD, but evidence is from a small trial.

This randomized controlled trial enrolled 32 patients with early- to mid-stage Parkinson's disease (Hoehn and Yahr stages 1–2.5) over 12 weeks. Participants were assigned to either Baduanjin training (40-minute sessions five times weekly) or brisk walking (40-minute sessions five times weekly), with outcomes assessed using the Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III (MDS-UPDRS-III) and other measures.

Main results showed that the Baduanjin group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in MDS-UPDRS-III scores than the brisk walking group (P < 0.05), with specific benefits on the axial subscale at 6 weeks (P = 0.038) but not at 12 weeks (P = 0.060). Baduanjin also reduced anxiety more than brisk walking (P = 0.014), improved cognition (P = 0.015), and showed superior gait parameters in Timed Up and Go duration, turning time, and trunk sagittal angular velocity (all P < 0.05). Depression improved within the Baduanjin group only (P = 0.015), while both groups improved in sleep and quality of life.

Safety and tolerability were not reported. Key limitations include the small sample size of 32 patients, and funding or conflicts of interest were not reported. Practice relevance suggests Baduanjin may offer a non-pharmacological rehabilitation option, but clinicians should consider the limited evidence and lack of safety data.

Living with Parkinson's disease often means managing shaky movements and balance issues that make daily tasks difficult. A new study looked at whether a specific type of gentle exercise could help more than standard brisk walking. Thirty-two patients with early to mid-stage Parkinson's disease took part in this trial. They were split into two groups, each training for forty minutes five times a week for twelve weeks. One group practiced Baduanjin, a traditional Chinese exercise that combines slow movements with deep breathing. The other group went for brisk walking at a similar pace and frequency.

After three months, the mindful movement group showed significantly greater improvements in their overall movement scores compared to the walking group. Their ability to balance also saw better gains. While both groups felt less anxious and slept better, the mindful group also experienced a drop in depression that the walking group did not. Their walking speed and turning ability improved more than the walking group's.

It is important to note that this study involved a small number of people, so these results need to be confirmed by larger research. Some specific movement measures did not show a difference between the two groups, suggesting the benefits are not universal for every symptom. However, the findings suggest that adding mindful movement to a treatment plan could offer a safe, accessible way to help people with Parkinson's manage their physical and emotional health without relying on medication.

What this means for you:
Mindful movement training improved motor skills and mood better than brisk walking for early Parkinson's.

Study Details

Study typeRct
EvidenceLevel 2
PublishedApr 2026
View Original Abstract ↓
IntroductionBaduanjin is a traditional mind-body exercise designed to modulate neural circuits and motor coordination. This study aimed to compare its rehabilitative efficacy against conventional brisk walking on postural control, motor, and non-motor functions in patients with early- to mid-stage Parkinson's disease (PD).MethodsA 12-week randomized controlled trial was conducted with 32 PD patients (Hoehn and Yahr stages 1–2.5). Participants were randomly assigned to either a Baduanjin group or a Brisk Walking group and underwent 40-min training sessions five times weekly. Primary outcomes included the Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III (MDS-UPDRS-III) and Berg balance scale (BBS). Secondary outcomes included Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), 39-Item Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) and objective gait parameters were quantified using wearable sensors during the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test and turning task.ResultsAfter 12 weeks, the Baduanjin group demonstrated significantly greater improvements than Brisk Walking in MDS-UPDRS-III (P < 0.05) and axial subscale improved at 6 weeks (P = 0.038) but not 12 weeks (P = 0.060). No between-group differences occurred in limb subscale or BBS (all P > 0.05).No between-group differences occurred in limb subscale or BBS (all P>0.05). Baduanjin reduced anxiety more at 12 weeks (P = 0.014) and improved cognition at 6 weeks (P = 0.015). Depression improved within Baduanjin only (P = 0.015). Both groups improved sleep and quality of life. Baduanjin showed superior gait parameters including TUG duration, turning time, trunk sagittal angular velocity during sit-to-stand/stand-to-sit; (all P < 0.05).ConclusionBaduanjin training appears to offer greater improvements in motor symptoms compared to conventional brisk walking in patients with early- to mid-stage Parkinson's disease. Its integration of mindful movement and breathing techniques may particularly address core motor deficits in PD, providing a safe, accessible, and culturally acceptable non-pharmacological rehabilitation option.Clinical Trial RegistrationChiCTR2300069360 [https://www.chictr.org.cn/].
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