Dietary components like polyphenols and omega-3 fatty acids may modulate the inflammatory environment in endometriosisDietary Factors May Help Manage Symptoms of Endometriosis

This integrative review synthesizes evidence regarding the impact of various dietary components on the inflammatory environment in women with endometriosis. The scope includes an analysis of polyphenols, phytoestrogens, vitamins, minerals, and fatty acids, alongside the effects of specific dietary habits like red meat consumption.

The authors conclude that polyphenols such as quercetin, apigenin, and curcumin demonstrate anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects by inhibiting prostaglandins, cytokines, and matrix metalloproteinases. Additionally, phytoestrogens, vitamins (A, C, D, E), and minerals (magnesium, selenium, zinc) are noted for protective effects via reduced oxidative stress and immune modulation. Conversely, the consumption of omega-6 fatty acids, trans fats, high glycemic index foods, and red meat is associated with increased inflammation and endometriosis risk.

While these findings suggest that fruits, vegetables, omega-3 fatty acids, and dairy products may help alleviate symptoms and progression, the review notes a lack of clinical trial data or specific dosages. The evidence remains preliminary as it does not provide definitive clinical endpoints. These findings may support primary care providers in offering holistic, preventive care strategies for patients with endometriosis.