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Systematic review and meta-analysis on cervical cancer screening among Ethiopian female health workersCervical cancer screening rates low among Ethiopian female health workers

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Key Takeaway
Consider that training and knowledge are associated with higher cervical cancer screening rates among Ethiopian female health workers.

This is a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies on cervical cancer screening utilization among female health workers in Ethiopia. The authors synthesized data to estimate the pooled prevalence and identify determinants of screening.

The pooled prevalence of cervical cancer screening utilization was 17.4% (95% CI: 13.4, 21.3). Key determinants positively associated with screening utilization included training in cervical cancer screening (AOR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.05, 2.44), good knowledge about cervical cancer screening (AOR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.61), having multiple sexual partners (AOR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.11, 301), and a history of sexually transmitted infection (AOR = 2.96, 95% CI: 1.44, 4.47).

The authors note that this is a meta-analysis of observational studies, so associations are reported, not causation. Limitations were not reported in the abstract. The practice relevance suggests improving health professionals' knowledge through training to increase screening levels.

Pooled estimates were based on a DerSimonian-Laird random effects model with 95% CIs. The findings are specific to female health workers in Ethiopia and may not generalize to other populations.

A large review of studies looked at how many female health workers in Ethiopia get screened for cervical cancer. The main finding was that only about 17 out of every 100 workers had been screened. This shows a big gap in using this important health service.

The review also looked at what makes a worker more likely to get screened. It found that workers who had training about cervical cancer were about 75% more likely to be screened. Having good knowledge about the disease also made screening more likely.

Other factors were linked to higher screening rates. These included having multiple sexual partners and a history of sexually transmitted infections. The study could not say these factors cause more screening, only that they are associated with it.

The review had some limits. It only included studies from Ethiopia, so the results may not apply elsewhere. The researchers also noted that the findings are based on associations, not proven causes. More training for health workers could help increase screening levels.

What this means for you:
Training and knowledge can help increase low cervical cancer screening rates among Ethiopian female health workers.

Study Details

Study typeMeta analysis
EvidenceLevel 1
PublishedMay 2026
View Original Abstract ↓
BACKGROUND: Despite the high incidence of cervical cancer, the screening coverage is low in developing countries, including Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the pooled prevalence of cervical cancer screening and its determinants among female health workers in Ethiopia. METHODS: All published literatures were searched using extensive international databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, Google Scholar, HINARI, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. The pooled prevalence of cervical cancer screening and the effect size of its determinants were illustrated using forest plots, and a DerSimonian-Laird random effect model with 95% Confidence Interval (CI). RESULTS: The pooled prevalence of cervical cancer screening among female health workers in Ethiopia was 17.4% (95% CI: 13.4, 21.3). Being trained in cervical cancer screening (AOR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.05, 2.44), good knowledge about cervical cancer screening (AOR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.61), having multiple sexual partners (AOR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.11, 301), and having a history of sexually transmitted infection (STI) (AOR = 2.96, 95% CI: 1.44, 4.47) were the main pooled predictors of cervical cancer screening utilization among female health workers in Ethiopia. CONCLUSIONS: Only one in every six female health workers was screened for cervical cancer in Ethiopia. Training in cervical cancer screening, knowledge of cervical cancer screening, multiple sexual partners, and STIs were the main determinants of cervical cancer screening utilization. Improving the health professionals' knowledge on cervical cancer screening through providing training on cervical cancer screening would be needed to increase the level of cervical cancer screening.
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