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Review of end-of-life acceptance in deceased patients across four European countriesOlder Patients More Likely to Accept Death

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Key Takeaway
Note that older age and palliative care are associated with higher acceptance of approaching death.

This retrospective cross-sectional survey review analyzed data from 2,713 deceased adult patients in GP networks in the Netherlands, Italy, Belgium, and Spain. The study assessed socio-demographic, contextual, and end-of-life care characteristics related to GP-assessed acceptance of approaching death. The primary outcome was a four-point scale ranging from complete acceptance to no acceptance.

Multivariable logistic regression showed independent associations with complete acceptance. Specifically, 30% of patients exhibited complete acceptance. Older age was associated with an OR 1.03 (95%CI 1.02-1.04, p<0.01). Palliative care by a GP was associated with an OR 1.39. Country-specific odds ratios included OR 0.27 for Belgium, OR 0.11 for Italy, and OR 0.10 for Spain.

The authors note limited evidence exists on the extent to which patients accept their approaching death. Absolute numbers were not reported for specific subgroups. The study did not report adverse events or discontinuations. The authors emphasize the importance of culturally sensitive, age-appropriate, and palliative care-oriented approaches to support patient acceptance at the end of life.

Maria was 82 when she stopped treatment for heart failure. She told her doctor, “I’ve had a full life.” Her family was sad, but they noticed something peaceful in her voice. She wasn’t afraid.

Many people face the end of life with fear or confusion. But a new study shows that acceptance is more common than we think. And it’s not about having cancer. It’s about age, care, and culture.

Right now, over 50 million people die each year worldwide. Many do not receive care that supports emotional or mental peace. Pain control gets attention. But emotional readiness? Often overlooked.

Doctors once believed cancer patients struggled more with death. The diagnosis is sudden for some. The treatments are harsh. But this study flips that idea.

Acceptance looks different than we thought

Cancer patients were no more or less likely to accept death than those with heart disease, lung disease, or dementia. What mattered more was how old they were and who cared for them.

Older patients were more likely to accept death. For every year of age, the odds went up slightly. A 75-year-old was more prepared than a 65-year-old.

The country also made a big difference. In the Netherlands, more patients accepted death. In Spain, Italy, and Belgium, far fewer did. Culture plays a role we can’t ignore.

One key factor stood out: having a general doctor involved in palliative care until death. When GPs stayed with patients to the end, acceptance was higher. It wasn’t about medicine. It was about presence.

Think of it like a journey. A person nearing the end of life is like a traveler arriving at the last stop. If someone they trust walks with them to the gate, they feel calmer. That doctor is not rushing ahead. They’re not checking their watch. They’re there.

That kind of care acts like a steady hand. It doesn’t change the destination. But it changes the experience.

The study looked at nearly 2,800 non-sudden deaths. Doctors reported on how much their patients accepted death using a simple scale. About 30% were fully accepting. Another 40% showed partial acceptance. Only 17% were unknown.

Most patients were not in hospitals. They were at home or in care homes. GPs knew them well. They had seen them for years. That long-term trust may explain why their judgment carries weight.

Patients who received ongoing palliative support from their GP were 39% more likely to fully accept death. That’s a real difference. Not huge. But meaningful.

Care matters as much as diagnosis

This wasn’t a trial. No one got a new drug. No one changed their treatment plan. It was an observation. Doctors looked back at what had already happened.

But there’s a catch. Acceptance was judged by doctors, not patients. We don’t know exactly what the patients felt. The doctors guessed based on words, tone, and behavior.

Still, these doctors knew their patients for years. They saw them through flu seasons, family losses, and small daily wins. Their insight is valuable.

Experts say this study highlights a blind spot in care. We focus on curing. But when cure isn’t possible, we must focus on peace.

This doesn’t mean this treatment is available yet. There is no pill for acceptance. But there is a practice: stay close. Listen. Be present.

For families, this means asking: Who is walking with my loved one? Is their doctor involved in end-of-life care? Can they talk openly about what’s coming?

It also means recognizing that younger patients may need more support. They are less likely to accept death. Not because they’re weak. Because life feels unfinished.

The study had limits. It only included four countries. Results might differ in the U.S., Asia, or Africa. Also, sudden deaths were left out. These findings apply to people who had time to prepare.

What happens next? Researchers want to study how conversations about death affect acceptance. Can training doctors to talk about dying help patients feel more at peace? Trials may test that.

For now, the message is clear. Age, culture, and care shape how we face the end. And the simple act of staying close may be one of the most powerful things a doctor can do.

Study Details

Sample sizen = 2,713
EvidenceLevel 5
PublishedApr 2026
View Original Abstract ↓
Background Acceptance of death is an important aspect of a good death and an indicator of high-quality palliative care. Limited evidence exists on the extent to which patients accept their approaching death and which socio-demographic or end-of-life care characteristics are associated with acceptance, in both cancer and non-cancer patients. Methods We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional survey in representative GP networks in the Netherlands and Italy (2013-2015), and Belgium and Spain (2013-2014). GPs registered all deceased adult patients in their practice, reporting health and care characteristics in the last three months of life and the level of acceptance of approaching death on a four-point scale (1. Yes, completely to 4. No, not at all). Non-sudden deaths were included, totaling 2,796 patients (1,474 cancer; 1,322 non-cancer). Results Acceptance was recorded for 97% of patients (n=2,713), of which 17% were assessed as unknown. GPs assessed that 30% of patients had complete acceptance, with similar proportions in cancer and non-cancer patients (30% vs 29%). Multivariable logistic regression showed that older age (OR 1.03, 95%CI 1.02-1.04, p<0.01), country (OR 0.27 Belgium, OR 0.11 Italy, OR 0.10 Spain; reference: Netherlands), and palliative care by the GP until death (OR 1.39, 95%CI 1.07-1.79, p<0.01) were independently associated with complete acceptance. Conclusion Socio-demographic, contextual, and end-of-life care factors influence GP-assessed acceptance of approaching death, whereas a cancer diagnosis does not. These findings emphasize the importance of culturally sensitive, age-appropriate, and palliative care-oriented approaches to support patient acceptance at the end of life.
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