Qualitative study explores beliefs behind anxiety coping strategies in UK multicultural older adults

11.1 AimOlder adults experiencing anxiety disorders, particularly those from minority ethnic backgrounds, are less likely to use formal mental health services compared to their younger counterparts. This UK multicultural qualitative study aimed to explore and compare beliefs underpinning coping strategies for anxiety among self-reporting White British, South Asian, African and Caribbean older adults, using Leventhals Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation. 1.2 MethodsIndividual semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 52 older adults aged 65 and over who self-reported (current or past) anxiety. Professional interpreters supported interviews with non-English-speaking participants (n=10). Eight public contributors collaborated on different aspects of the study. The Framework Method was used to manage and analyse the data. 1.3 FindingsThe study drew on the perspectives of 27 older adults with distressing anxiety and 25 with non-distressing anxiety. Across all cultural groups, participants adopted different strategies to manage anxiety, the most prominent of which were self-help strategies. Help-seeking behaviour was influenced by a complex interplay of factors not recognised by Leventhals Common-Sense Model. Notably, older adults salient identities, rather than their cultural backgrounds, influenced their selection of coping strategies. 1.4 ConclusionsInterventions that empower older adults to use self-help strategies more effectively can serve as acceptable adjuncts to formal therapy. Nevertheless, addressing barriers to formal help-seeking is essential, particularly among those with a perceived need to seek help. No one model can depict the complexity of coping behaviours. While applying Leventhals Common-Sense Model yielded novel insights, it could not fully capture the motivational factors underlying participation in specific coping behaviours. To provide nuanced and accurate insights, cross-cultural research should acknowledge heterogeneity within groups rather than impose boundaries of purportedly homogeneous entities.