Tumor-associated neutrophils regulate PDAC progression via TGF-β and CXCR2 pathways

This systematic review investigated the role of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The study focused on the ontogeny, subpopulation heterogeneity, molecular mechanisms, regulatory crosstalk, and therapeutic targeting strategies of TANs within this disease context. No specific comparator or control group was defined in the provided evidence, and the review did not report a specific primary outcome or sample size.

The main finding indicates that TANs serve as pivotal regulators in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) of PDAC. These cells undergo functional polarization into distinct phenotypes that either antagonize or facilitate tumor progression. Key signaling axes identified in this process include TGF-β and CXCR2 pathways. Therapeutic strategies targeting these cells are categorized into recruitment inhibition, functional reprogramming, and immunosuppression disruption.

Safety and tolerability data were not reported in this review, nor were specific adverse events, serious adverse events, discontinuations, or general tolerability metrics provided. The review did not report specific limitations, funding sources, or potential conflicts of interest. Consequently, the certainty of the findings regarding clinical efficacy remains uncertain due to the lack of reported primary outcomes and quantitative data.

The practice relevance of this evidence lies in offering perspectives for overcoming therapeutic resistance in PDAC. However, because the evidence is observational in nature and lacks specific clinical outcome data, clinicians should interpret these mechanistic insights with restraint. Further research is needed to translate these mechanistic findings into validated clinical interventions for patients with PDAC.