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Virtual reality reduces pain and anxiety in children undergoing emergency proceduresVirtual reality eases pain for kids in emergency rooms

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Key Takeaway
Consider virtual reality as an adjunct to reduce pain and anxiety in children undergoing emergency procedures, but note limited effect-size data.

This meta-analysis pooled data from 934 children undergoing medical procedures in emergency department settings. The analysis compared virtual reality with standard care or alternative distraction techniques, focusing on pain and anxiety outcomes.

Across all three pain measures, virtual reality was associated with significant reductions: self-reported pain, parent-reported pain, and observer-reported pain all decreased. For anxiety, parent- and observer-reported anxiety also decreased, but self-reported anxiety showed only minimal change, suggesting that the intervention's effect on subjective anxiety may be less robust.

The review did not report pooled effect sizes, confidence intervals, or p-values, so the clinical magnitude of these reductions cannot be quantified from this summary. Additionally, the authors did not disclose limitations, adverse events, or funding sources, which limits the ability to assess potential biases or harms.

Given the absence of effect sizes and safety data, clinicians should interpret these findings cautiously. Virtual reality appears promising as a non-pharmacologic adjunct for pain and anxiety management in pediatric emergency procedures, but further research with detailed reporting is needed to establish its comparative effectiveness and safety profile.

Imagine your child needs a painful procedure in the emergency room. A new research review suggests that virtual reality (VR) might help ease their pain and anxiety. The analysis combined data from 934 children undergoing medical procedures in emergency settings, comparing VR to standard care or other distraction techniques.

Results showed that VR significantly reduced self-reported pain, as well as pain reported by parents and observers. It also decreased anxiety as reported by parents and observers. However, children's own reports of anxiety showed minimal change, suggesting VR's effect on anxiety may be less consistent.

This is promising news for parents and healthcare providers looking for non-drug ways to help kids cope with painful procedures. But it's important to note that this is a meta-analysis, which means it combines results from multiple studies. The original studies may have varied in quality and design, and the review did not report on side effects or long-term outcomes.

While these findings are encouraging, they are not definitive. More research is needed to understand exactly how VR compares to other distraction methods and which children benefit most. If your child faces a procedure, talk to their doctor about whether VR might be an option.

What this means for you:
Virtual reality can significantly reduce pain in children during emergency procedures, but its effect on anxiety is less clear.

Common questions

What did the study find about virtual reality for children in the ER?

The study found that virtual reality significantly reduced pain in children undergoing medical procedures in emergency settings. It also decreased anxiety as reported by parents and observers, but children's own reports of anxiety showed minimal change.

How many children were included in this analysis?

The analysis included data from 934 children who were undergoing medical procedures in emergency settings. The children were given virtual reality or standard care or other distraction techniques.

Does virtual reality work for all children's pain?

The study suggests VR can help reduce pain on average, but it may not work the same for every child. The review did not report on side effects or long-term outcomes, so it's best to talk to your child's doctor about whether VR is a good option.

Study Details

Study typeMeta analysis
EvidenceLevel 1
Follow-up204.0 mo
PublishedSep 2026
View Original Abstract ↓
INTRODUCTION: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality interventions in reducing pain and anxiety among children undergoing medical procedures in emergency settings. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, ERIC, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, identifying 1,216 articles published between 2010 and 2025. Only randomized controlled trials comparing virtual reality interventions with standard care were included. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by 2 reviewers. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochrane's Q and I statistics. Random-effects models were applied, and publication bias was examined using Begg's and Egger's tests. RESULTS: Nine studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the meta-analysis. The total number of children in the studies was 934; the age range was 2-17 years. Children in the experimental group received virtual reality, while children in the control group received standard care or different distraction techniques. Measurements were based on child self-report, parent or observer report, or all 3. Virtual reality significantly reduced self-, parent-, and observer-reported pain compared with control groups. Anxiety decreased according to parent and observer ratings, while self-reported anxiety showed minimal change. DISCUSSION: The use of virtual reality during medical procedures in the emergency department resulted in a reduction in pain levels as reported by children, parents, and observers. Anxiety and fear levels were reduced as reported by parents and observers.
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