Retrospective study of levosimendan use in acute heart failure patients across Jiangxi Province hospitals.

This retrospective, observational real-world study examined the use of levosimendan in patients with acute heart failure (AHF). The analysis included 2,398 AHF patients drawn from 14 provincial, municipal, and county-level hospitals in Jiangxi Province. A total of 828 cases were excluded due to missing data, and an additional 60 cases were excluded because BMI was not reported. The study population comprised AHF patients with varying body mass index values.

No comparator group was reported, and no primary or secondary outcomes were specified in the available data. Consequently, specific numerical results regarding clinical efficacy, such as mortality reduction or hospitalization rates, are not available from this source. Similarly, data on adverse events, serious adverse events, discontinuations, and overall tolerability were not reported.

Key limitations of this investigation include the exclusion of a substantial number of cases due to incomplete data and the inherent constraints of an observational design. Because the study design is observational, causality cannot be established. Furthermore, no information regarding funding, conflicts of interest, or specific practice relevance was provided. Clinicians should interpret these findings with caution, recognizing that the evidence is incomplete and does not support definitive conclusions on levosimendan performance in this setting.