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Nurse-led interventions improve medication adherence and reduce toxicity in patients receiving targeted anti-tumor therapiesNurse-led care helps cancer patients manage side effects of targeted drugs

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Key Takeaway
Consider nurse-led interventions to improve medication adherence and manage toxicity in patients on targeted therapies.

This scoping review synthesizes evidence from 14 studies regarding nurse-led or nursing-centered interventions for adult cancer patients receiving targeted anti-tumor therapies, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. The scope of these interventions includes patient education, self-management support, oral targeted-drug management, continuity-of-care programs, and telehealth-based toxicity monitoring.

The authors synthesize findings indicating that these nursing-centered interventions are associated with a reduced toxicity burden and improved medication adherence. Additionally, the review suggests these programs may lead to decreased unplanned healthcare use and enhanced patient-reported quality of life and psychosocial outcomes.

Several limitations are noted, including the inclusion of narrative reviews and clinical practice guidelines, which do not provide high-level evidence for causality. Furthermore, one included study was a randomized controlled trial protocol that had not been conducted at the time of review. The authors highlight a need for multicenter trials to specifically evaluate nursing protocols for antibody-drug conjugate-induced neuropathy and immune-related adverse events, as well as long-term clinical and economic outcomes.

These findings suggest that nurse-led interventions may play a promising role in supporting the safe and effective use of targeted anti-tumor therapies. Clinicians may consider these interventions to improve the management of adverse effects and improve patient adherence to complex treatment regimens.

How this fits prior evidence

This scoping review addresses a gap in the management of adverse effects associated with targeted anti-tumor therapies. While previous coverage has noted the rapid growth in tumor immunometabolism research and the role of specific interventions like mindfulness-based recovery or Tai Chi for fatigue, this review specifically focuses on the role of nursing-centered interventions to improve medication adherence and manage toxicity in patients receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates, and immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Living with cancer involves more than just fighting the disease; it involves managing the intense side effects that come with modern treatments. For patients using targeted therapies like tyrosine kinase inhibitors or immune checkpoint inhibitors, these side effects can be overwhelming. New evidence suggests that nurse-led interventions can make a significant difference in how patients experience these treatments.

By focusing on education, self-management, and remote monitoring, these nursing programs help patients manage their symptoms more effectively. The data from 14 different studies showed that these interventions led to better medication adherence and a decrease in unplanned healthcare use. Patients also reported a better quality of life and improved psychosocial outcomes, meaning they felt better emotionally and mentally during their journey.

While these results are promising, the evidence is still growing. Some of the data came from guidelines or protocols that have not been fully tested in large trials yet. More research is still needed to specifically look at long-term outcomes and specific issues like nerve damage from certain drugs. For now, these programs show that having a nurse as a primary guide can help patients stay on track and feel better while receiving targeted cancer therapies.

What this means for you:
Nurse-led programs can improve quality of life and help cancer patients manage side effects from targeted therapies.

Common questions

How can nurse-led programs help cancer patients?

Nurses can provide education, self-management support, and remote monitoring of side effects. These interventions help patients manage the toxicity of targeted drugs, improve their ability to stick to medication plans, and reduce the need for unplanned healthcare visits.

What specific types of cancer treatments are involved?

The research looked at patients using targeted anti-tumor therapies, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. These are specific types of drugs used to treat cancer in adults.

Is this approach proven to be safe for all patients?

The study showed that nurse-led interventions can help manage side effects and improve quality of life. However, more large-scale trials are still needed to fully evaluate specific risks like nerve damage or long-term economic outcomes.

Study Details

Study typeMeta analysis
EvidenceLevel 1
PublishedOct 2026
View Original Abstract ↓
BackgroundTargeted anti-tumor therapies, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates, and immune checkpoint inhibitors, have improved clinical outcomes and survival across multiple cancers but are associated with clinically significant dermatologic, neurological, gastrointestinal, hematologic, and immune-related toxicities that compromise adherence and quality of life.ObjectivesThis scoping review aimed to systematically map the available evidence on nursing interventions used to prevent, monitor, and manage adverse effects associated with targeted anti-tumor therapies in adult cancer patients.MethodsEligible studies were English-language publications conducted between 2015 and 2025 that focused on nurse-led or nursing-centered interventions addressing the adverse effects of targeted anti-tumor therapies in adult oncology populations. Data were charted using a standardized form and synthesized descriptively by intervention type and adverse-effect domain.ResultsOf 742 records identified, 14 studies met the inclusion criteria. Study designs included two quasi-experimental studies and one randomized controlled trial protocol two cohort studies, seven narrative or integrative reviews, and two clinical practice guidelines. Five principal intervention categories were identified: patient education and self-management support; nurse-led oral targeted-drug management and continuity-of-care programs; home-based multidisciplinary interventions; telephone and telehealth-based toxicity monitoring; and symptom-specific supportive-care strategies. Across diverse settings, structured nursing interventions reduced toxicity burden, improved medication adherence, decreased unplanned healthcare use, and enhanced patient-reported quality of life and psychosocial outcomes.ConclusionNurse-led interventions may have an important and promising role in supporting the safe and effective use of targeted anti-tumor therapies in adults with cancer. Integrating structured education, continuity of care, multidisciplinary collaboration, and telehealth-enabled monitoring into routine oncology practice may optimize toxicity management and support treatment adherence. Further multicenter trials are needed to evaluate nursing protocols for antibody-drug conjugate-induced neuropathy and immune-related adverse events and to examine long-term clinical and economic outcomes.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://osf.io/5nvfe/identifier, 5nvfe.
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