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GBS Colonization Affects 18% of Pregnant Women in Asia-Pacific Meta-AnalysisCommon bacteria found in many pregnant women across Asia Pacific

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Key Takeaway
Recognize that GBS colonization is common in the Asia-Pacific, with low beta-lactam resistance.

This meta-analysis synthesized data from 978,150 pregnant women in the Asia-Pacific region to estimate the prevalence of rectovaginal Group B Streptococcus (GBS) colonization, serotype distribution, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) rates. The pooled prevalence of GBS colonization was 18.0% (95% CI 12%-23%), corresponding to 172,973 colonized women. Serotype III was the most frequently identified serotype, with reported frequencies ranging from 5.0% to 100.0% across studies. Resistance to beta-lactams was low, ranging from 0% to 2.0%.

The authors note that studies from Southeast Asia were limited, which may affect the generalizability of these estimates to the entire Asia-Pacific region. No data on adverse events, tolerability, or follow-up were reported. Funding sources and conflicts of interest were not reported.

GBS colonization is common among pregnant women in the Asia-Pacific region. The low beta-lactam resistance rates support the continued use of beta-lactams for intrapartum prophylaxis, but ongoing surveillance is needed to guide prevention and treatment programs. These findings are observational and do not establish causality.

How this fits prior evidence

This meta-analysis extends prior coverage of Group B Streptococcus epidemiology by providing pooled prevalence estimates specifically for the Asia-Pacific region, where data have been limited. It aligns with earlier findings from African populations showing high GBS transmission and significant tetracycline and cotrimoxazole resistance, but contrasts with those data by reporting low beta-lactam resistance (0%-2.0%). The results also complement prior coverage noting that climate-related environmental factors are associated with increased risk of infections relevant to vertical transmission. The limited data from Southeast Asia highlight a gap in regional surveillance.

When a pregnant woman carries certain bacteria, it can sometimes affect her baby. A large study looked at nearly one million pregnant women across the Asia Pacific region to see how common Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is. The researchers found that about 18 percent of the women surveyed were carrying this specific bacteria.

While the bacteria is common, the study also looked at how well current medicines work against it. They found that resistance to beta-lactams, a common class of antibiotics, remains low. They also identified that serotype III is the most common version of the bacteria found in these women.

Because this bacteria is so common in the region, the researchers suggest that continued monitoring is important. This helps doctors stay ahead of the curve to create better prevention and treatment plans for both mothers and their babies. Note that the data from Southeast Asia was limited in scope.

What this means for you:
Group B Streptococcus is common among pregnant women in the Asia Pacific region, but drug resistance remains low.

Common questions

How common is Group B Streptococcus in pregnant women?

The study found that about 18% of pregnant women in the Asia Pacific region were colonized with Group B Streptococcus. Out of the large group of women studied, 172,973 were found to carry the bacteria.

Are antibiotics still effective against this bacteria?

Yes, the study found low rates of antimicrobial drug resistance for beta-lactams. This means the common class of antibiotics used to treat infections remains effective against the bacteria in most cases.

What specific type of Group B Streptococcus was most common?

The study found that serotype III was the most common version of the Group B Streptococcus bacteria among the pregnant women who were tested.

Study Details

Study typeMeta analysis
EvidenceLevel 1
PublishedOct 2026
View Original Abstract ↓
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of group B Streptococcus (GBS) rectovaginal colonization prevalence, serotype distribution, and antimicrobial drug resistance (AMR) rates among pregnant women in the Asia-Pacific region. We included articles published in the MEDLINE, Embase, and PubMed databases during January 2014-October 2025. Overall, 1,623 studies were identified; 98 of those were included in the meta-analysis. Of 978,150 pregnant women, 172,973 were colonized with GBS; pooled estimated prevalence was 18.0% (95% CI 12%-23%). Studies from Southeast Asia were limited. GBS serotype distributions were reported in 24 studies; serotype III was the most common (range 5.0%-100.0%). Thirty studies included AMR rates; low (0%-2.0%) AMR rates were found for β-lactams. GBS colonization is common among pregnant women in the Asia-Pacific region. Continued surveillance of GBS prevalence will be needed, particularly in Pacific and Southeast Asian countries, to guide effective GBS prevention and treatment programs.
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