Researchers reviewed existing studies to see if different types of peer support could help adults with type 2 diabetes. They looked at in-person (offline) groups, online-only groups, and a mix of both (hybrid). The analysis combined data from multiple randomized controlled trials, though the total number of participants was not specified.
The review found that in-person peer support was linked to improvements in body mass index (a measure of weight relative to height) and fasting blood glucose. A hybrid approach was linked to a reduction in HbA1c, a measure of long-term blood sugar control. Online-only peer support did not show a significant effect on these outcomes. The study did not report on any safety concerns or side effects.
It is important to be careful with these results because the studies included in the review were very different from each other. This high level of variation means the strength of the link is uncertain. Readers should see this as early evidence that the *format* of support might matter, but more consistent research is needed. This does not prove that peer support causes these improvements, and it does not replace advice from a healthcare provider.