A systematic review examined 180 articles about infectious diseases in water buffalo. The study looked at bacterial and hemoparasitic infections across mixed livestock systems. The researchers found that the involvement of water buffalo in disease circulation is increasing. They also found that these animals can act as reservoirs and sources for transmitting infections to other susceptible species.
The review did not report specific safety concerns or adverse events because the focus was on epidemiological trends rather than treatment or drug trials. However, the study authors noted that gaps remain in research on the specific epidemiology of these diseases. There is also a lack of systematic studies on this topic.
Readers should understand that this evidence comes from a review of existing literature rather than a new clinical trial. The main takeaway is that water buffalo need to be included in surveillance and health management programs. This helps protect other livestock from potential transmission of infections.