This review looked at the causes, diagnosis, and management of obesity in domestic cats. Obesity is the most common nutritional disorder in these animals and is considered a significant global health issue. The condition involves chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, endocrine dysregulation, insulin resistance, and hyperlipidemia. These factors increase the risk of serious comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, osteoarthritis, urinary tract disorders, dermatopathies, cardiomyopathy, and respiratory diseases.
The review highlights that effective management centers around personalized nutritional interventions combined with behavioral correction measures. These measures include establishing regular feeding schedules and increasing physical exercise. Maintaining good communication between clinicians and pet owners is also identified as a key factor for success in managing the condition.
While the review does not report specific adverse events or discontinuations, it emphasizes that feline overweight and obesity have a complex and multifactorial pathogenesis. This condition arises from an interplay of intrinsic factors and extrinsic factors. Readers should understand that early detection and examination of excess body weight are crucial for treatment and prevention. More research is needed to develop models that go beyond current reactive approaches to better manage this complex health issue.