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Home › Conditions › Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis

Part of Arthritis

Subtypes of Osteoarthritis

Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis 1 Non-radiographic osteoarthritis 1 Radiographic osteoarthritis 1 Thumb osteoarthritis 0 Trapeziometacarpal joint osteoarthritis 0

49 published articles · Updated continuously

Clinical Trial Landscape

Clinical Trials for Osteoarthritis

237 trials tracked for Osteoarthritis: 82 in phase 3 or 4 and 14 with published results. The most-cited published study has 3536 citations.

237Trials tracked
82Phase 3 & 4
0Recruiting
14With published results
Phase distribution
Phase 4 33 Phase 3 49 Phase 2 21 Phase 1 4 Other / NA 130
  1. Phase 3 Intra-Articular Injections of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Knee Osteoarthritis: Unique Application Versus Triple Application Completed · 3,536 cited
  2. Phase 3 Tanezumab in Osteoarthritis of the Knee Completed · 151 cited
  3. Phase 3 Tanezumab in Osteoarthritis Of The Hip Completed · 150 cited
  4. Phase 3 Multicenter Trial of Stem Cell Therapy for Osteoarthritis (MILES) Completed · 122 cited
  5. Phase 3 Tanezumab In Osteoarthritis Of The Knee (2) Completed · 86 cited
  6. Phase 3 Tanezumab in Osteoarthritis of the Hip or Knee (2) Completed · 86 cited
Show 44 more trials
  1. Phase 3 A Study of Duloxetine in Participants With Chronic Pain Due to Osteoarthritis in China Completed · 71 cited
  2. Phase 3 Effect of Diacerein vs Celecoxib on Symptoms and Structural Changes in Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis Completed · 55 cited
  3. Phase 4 Tranexamic Acid in Knee Joint Surgery Completed · 38 cited
  4. Phase 3 Testosterone Administration and ACL Reconstruction in Men Completed · 25 cited
  5. Phase 4 Evaluation Of Efficacy And Safety Of Norspan In Moderate To Severe Pain Due To Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Joint/Muscle Pain Completed · 23 cited
  6. Phase 3 Randomized Study of the Efficacy and Safety of a Single Dose of Synvisc-One® in Chinese Patients With Symptomatic Osteoarthritis of the Knee Completed · 14 cited
  7. Phase 3 Long-term Observational Study of Subjects From Tanezumab Studies Who Undergo a Total Knee, Hip or Shoulder Replacement Completed · 2 cited
  8. Phase 3 Understanding Cognition, Oxytocin & Pain in Elders Completed · 1 cited
  9. Phase 4 Efficacy and Safety of Buprenorphine Transdermal Patch in Non-cancer Pain of Moderate Intensity Completed
  10. Phase 4 Randomized Controlled Trial of Tranexamic Acid in Total Knee Arthroplasty: Intravenous vs. Topical Completed
  11. Phase 4 Corticosteroid/Ropivacaine Versus Corticosteroid/Saline Injections for Knee Osteoarthritis Completed
  12. Phase 4 Psoas Compartment Block Versus Periarticular Local Anesthetic for Total Hip Arthroplasty Completed
  13. Phase 4 The Combination of Adductor Canal Block and Periarticular Injection. A Novel Technique for Patients Undergoing Total Knee Replacement (ACB PAI) Completed
  14. Phase 4 Pain Expectations in Subjects With Osteoarthritis Completed
  15. Phase 4 Adductor Canal Block Versus Periarticular Bupivicaine Injection in Total Knee Arthroplasty Completed
  16. Phase 4 Sigma CR150 Versus Sigma CR Knee RCT Completed
  17. Phase 4 Intravenous Versus Oral Acetaminophen in Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty Completed
  18. Phase 4 Topical Tranexamic Acid (TXA) in Joint Arthroplasty Completed
  19. Phase 4 Platelet-rich Plasma vs. Hyaluronic Acid for Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis Completed
  20. Phase 4 Colchicine for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis of the Knee Completed
  21. Phase 4 Efficacy of Intra-articular Collagen Injection in Patients With Knee Joint Pain Compared to Normal Saline Injection Completed
  22. Phase 4 A Comparative Study of Tramadol Hydrochloride Plus Acetaminophen Tablets Maintenance Versus Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) Maintenance in Participants With Knee Osteoarthritis Completed
  23. Phase 4 Buprenorphine in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis (OA) in the Elderly Completed
  24. Phase 4 Hormone Function in Men Treated for Pain With Opioids or Placebo Completed
  25. Phase 4 Duloxetine in Osteoarthritis (OA) Pain Completed
  26. Phase 4 Study of Safety and Efficacy of 6 mL Synvisc-One (Hylan G-F 20) in Indian Patients With Symptomatic Osteoarthritis of Knee(s) After Initial and Repeat Treatment Completed
  27. Phase 4 Study Of Celecoxib Or Diclofenac And Omeprazole For Gastrointestinal (GI) Safety In High GI Risk Patients With Arthritis Completed
  28. Phase 4 GI-Reasons- A Trial Of GI Safety Of Celecoxib Compared With Non-Selective Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (NSAIDS) Completed
  29. Phase 4 A Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Synvisc® in Chinese Subjects With Symptomatic Osteoarthritis of the Knee(s) Completed
  30. Phase 4 Time of Intravenous Acetaminophen Administration Completed
  31. Phase 4 An Efficacy and Safety Study of Transdermal Therapeutic System (TTS)-Fentanyl in Participants With Osteoarthritis Completed
  32. Phase 4 The 3DKnee™ System: A Post-Market Study Completed
  33. Phase 4 A Study to Compare Oxycodone/Naloxone Prolonged Release Against Codeine/Paracetamol in the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Chronic Low Back Pain or Pain Due to Osteoarthritis Completed
  34. Phase 4 The Use of Evicel to Reduce Blood Loss in Total Knee Replacement Surgery Completed
  35. Phase 4 An Efficacy and Safety Study of Fentanyl Transdermal Patch in Filipino Participants With Osteoarthritis and Chronic Low Back Pain Completed
  36. Phase 4 The Role of Intra-Operative Intracapsular Blocks in Post-Operative Pain Management Following Total Knee Arthroplasty Completed
  37. Phase 4 An Efficacy, Safety and Effects on Quality of Life of Tramadol/Paracetamol as Add-on Therapy in Chronic Osteoarthritis Completed
  38. Phase 4 Range of Motion of Standard and High-Flexion Posterior Cruciate Retaining Total Knee Prostheses Completed
  39. Phase 4 Efficacy and Safety of FLOSEAL for Hemostasis in Total Knee Arthroplasty Completed
  40. Phase 3 Allograft Transplantation in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis of the Metatarsophalangeal (MTP) Joint of the Great Toe Completed
  41. Phase 3 To Study Generic Diclofenac Sodium Topical Gel 1% in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis of the Knee (Degenerative Joint Disease Presented as Joint Pain, Stiffness, Swelling and Restricted Motion). Completed
  42. Phase 3 A Study of Hyaluronan for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis in the Thumb Completed
  43. Phase 3 Weighted Versus Uniform Dose of Tranexamic Acid in Patients Undergoing Primary, Knee Arthroplasty Completed
  44. Phase 3 Longterm Safety Study of BEMA Buprenorphine in Subjects With Chronic Pain Completed

Showing the 50 most-cited and recently-updated of 237 trials. Browse the full registry →

Trial data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. Counts describe the research landscape and are not a treatment recommendation. Informational only — not medical advice.

What the trials found Updated — new results For clinicians

Osteoarthritis: what the trials found

New evidence indicates that RTX-GRT7039 significantly improved outcomes in patients with osteoarthritis, showing a reduction in WOMAC Pain Subscale scores at both 12 weeks (-3.25) and 26 weeks (-3.27), alongside improvements in WOMAC Physical Function Subscale scores at both time points 3. Additionally, Hylan G-F 20 demonstrated significant clinical improvement in the WOMAC A1 (Walking Pain) subscore at week 26 (-33.0, p<0.0001) and substantial reductions across multiple WOMAC subscores from weeks 8 through 26 22.

Pharmacological interventions for pain management include Colchicine (0.8 mg or 0.6 mg daily), which resulted in improvements in VAS pain scores, KOOS pain scores, and KOOS stiffness scores 10. Buprenorphine transdermal patches were associated with reductions in BS-11 pain scores [9, 21] and improved quality of life as measured by EQ5D-3L 9. Local anesthetics such as Bupivacaine were shown to reduce VAS scores 15 and NRS pain scores during postoperative ambulation and movement 17. Ropivacaine with NaCl showed significant reduction in pain scores at 3 hours post-intervention compared to control 18, while Ropivacaine alone was associated with specific KOOS pain subscale results 19.

Surgical and procedural interventions include the use of Tranexamic Acid (TXA), which significantly reduced blood loss 8 and resulted in zero units of blood transfused in a separate cohort 12, while also showing positive patient-reported outcomes including EQ-5D, GRoC, and SANE scores 12. Topical Tranexamic Acid was also evaluated as an intervention 20. Other interventions include Sigma CR150 for knee longevity 14 and PRP for improving SPADI scores in shoulder conditions 11.

Recent results — preliminary, needs further review

  • Subchondroplasty with Arthroscopy showed significant composite clinical success (p<0.01) and improvements in KOOS subscale scores and numeric pain scores at 12 months 5.
  • Total Hip Arthroplasty was associated with significant improvements in Harris Hip Scores and WOMAC total scores compared to baseline 7.
  • Povidone iodine, Phone-Based Walk With Ease, and Oxytocin are currently under investigation or have been studied in recent trials without established outcome data provided in the summary [2, 4, 6].

For the clinician treating this condition

  • RTX-GRT7039 and Hylan G-F 20 demonstrate statistically significant improvements in WOMAC pain and physical function scores.
  • Colchicine provides measurable improvements in both pain (VAS) and stiffness (KOOS) for osteoarthritis patients.
  • Tranexamic Acid is effective in reducing blood loss during surgical procedures, while Buprenorphine transdermal patches provide consistent pain reduction [9, 21].
  • Local anesthetics like Bupivacaine and Ropivacaine are established for managing acute postoperative pain scores.

AI synthesis of 15 cited trials, updated Jun 23, 2026. Informational only — not medical advice; trial data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. How we use AI.

HCP Mode — summaries include clinical detail, trial data, and statistical outcomes.
Patient Mode — summaries use plain language, avoiding clinical jargon.
Coumarins and derivatives may protect musculoskeletal health by modulating inflammatory and oxidative mediators
Nutrition & Obesity Medicine Meta-analysis
Coumarins and derivatives may protect musculoskeletal health by modulating inflammatory and oxidative mediators Coumarins may protect bone and joint health in several diseases
This systematic review examines the role of coumarins and their derivatives in managing musculoskeletal diseases including osteoporosis, rhe…
Coumarins and their derivatives may slow the progression of bone and joint diseases by targeting inflammation and specific cellular pathways…
Frontiers Sep 12, 2026
Gut microbiota-targeted interventions reduce pain and function scores in patients with osteoarthritis
Orthopedics & Sports Medicine Meta-analysis
Gut microbiota-targeted interventions reduce pain and function scores in patients with osteoarthritis Gut health treatments may reduce pain for osteoarthritis patients
This meta-analysis of 18 trials involving 2,080 adults with osteoarthritis found that probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics significantly r…
Targeting the gut with probiotics and prebiotics may help ease pain and improve physical function for people living with osteoarthritis.
Frontiers Sep 4, 2026
Immune signaling and bidirectional neuropeptide release drive nociceptor sensitization in osteoarthritis pain
Rheumatology Sys. Review
Immune signaling and bidirectional neuropeptide release drive nociceptor sensitization in osteoarthritis pain Immune Signaling and Nerve Activity Drive Osteoarthritis Pain
This mini review explores the mechanisms of synovial inflammation and immune signaling in osteoarthritis. It describes how macrophages, T ce…
New research highlights how immune cells and nerve signals work together to create and amplify chronic pain in people with osteoarthritis.
Frontiers Sep 3, 2026
Therapeutic extracellular vesicles may curb inflammation and restore mitochondrial quality in osteoarthritis
Allergy & Immunology Sys. Review
Therapeutic extracellular vesicles may curb inflammation and restore mitochondrial quality in osteoarthritis Tiny particles may offer new hope for osteoarthritis treatment
This systematic review examines the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in osteoarthritis, identifying both pathological and therapeutic EV…
Small particles called extracellular vesicles could stop the cycle of joint damage and inflammation in people with osteoarthritis.
Frontiers Sep 3, 2026
Interactive remote rehabilitation shows no significant advantage over conventional rehabilitation for post-TKA patients
Physical Medicine & Rehab Meta-analysis
Interactive remote rehabilitation shows no significant advantage over conventional rehabilitation for post-TKA patients Interactive remote rehabilitation shows mixed results for knee replacement patients
This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials involving 2607 adults post-total knee arthroplasty found that interactive remote rehabili…
New research into interactive remote rehabilitation for knee replacements shows it may not offer significant advantages over traditional in-…
Aug 24, 2026
Icariin improves pain and cartilage scores in murine osteoarthritis, meta-analysis finds
Drug Pipeline Meta-analysis
Icariin improves pain and cartilage scores in murine osteoarthritis, meta-analysis finds Icariin Shows Potential to Reduce Osteoarthritis Pain in Mice
This meta-analysis of 13 preclinical studies (238 murine subjects) found that Epimedium-derived botanical metabolites, including icariin, si…
A review of studies on mice suggests that icariin, a compound from the Epimedium plant, may reduce inflammation and pain markers in osteoart…
Frontiers Aug 24, 2026
Multi-trait genome-wide association studies identify 66 novel genetic associations in osteoarthritis using the Trident framework
Genetics & Precision Medicine Meta-analysis
Multi-trait genome-wide association studies identify 66 novel genetic associations in osteoarthritis using the Trident framework New genetic analysis finds 66 hidden osteoarthritis signals
This meta-analysis evaluates the use of the Trident framework and Combined-GWAS (C-GWAS) method to identify genetic markers for osteoarthrit…
A new genetic method uncovered 66 hidden osteoarthritis signals, offering fresh clues about the condition and potential new targets for trea…
medRxiv Aug 22, 2026
Inflammaging and immunosenescence emerge as key mechanistic axes in osteoarthritis pathogenesis
Diabetes & Endocrinology Sys. Review
Inflammaging and immunosenescence emerge as key mechanistic axes in osteoarthritis pathogenesis Aging and inflammation drive the progression of osteoarthritis
This narrative review synthesizes evidence that inflammaging and immunosenescence are central to osteoarthritis pathogenesis, linking aging,…
New research highlights how aging cells and chronic inflammation work together to break down joint tissue in people with osteoarthritis.
Frontiers Aug 19, 2026
Exosomes are safe for knee osteoarthritis but show no superiority over placebo in one trial
Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine Sys. Review
Exosomes are safe for knee osteoarthritis but show no superiority over placebo in one trial Exosomes for knee arthritis: safe but no better than placebo
This systematic scoping review synthesizes evidence on orthobiologics including platelet-rich plasma, cytokine-rich serum, and extracellular…
A review finds exosome injections for knee osteoarthritis are safe, but one trial shows no advantage over placebo.
Frontiers Aug 17, 2026
Telemedicine modalities may achieve comparable outcomes to conventional follow-up for uncomplicated total joint arthroplasty
Orthopedics & Sports Medicine Sys. Review
Telemedicine modalities may achieve comparable outcomes to conventional follow-up for uncomplicated total joint arthroplasty Telemedicine may offer similar results for hip and knee replacements
This mini review synthesizes evidence regarding telemedicine modalities, including video consultations and telerehabilitation, for patients …
New evidence suggests that using video calls and remote monitoring for joint replacement recovery can match the quality of traditional in-pe…
Frontiers Aug 16, 2026
Mechanical loading induces innate immune reprogramming and mitochondrial danger signals in osteoarthritis models
Rheumatology Sys. Review
Mechanical loading induces innate immune reprogramming and mitochondrial danger signals in osteoarthritis models Mechanical Loading May Influence Immune Responses in Osteoarthritis
This mini review explores the role of mechanical loading in driving innate immune reprogramming and mitochondrial stress in osteoarthritis. …
New research explores how physical loading affects immune cells and mitochondria in joints affected by osteoarthritis.
Frontiers Aug 14, 2026
Ion channels and signaling pathways form a mechanobiological-immunological framework for osteoarthritis progression
Oncology Sys. Review
Ion channels and signaling pathways form a mechanobiological-immunological framework for osteoarthritis progression New Framework Links Ion Channels to Osteoarthritis
This narrative review synthesizes the roles of ion channels and key signaling pathways in osteoarthritis pathology. It proposes an integrate…
A new review maps how ion channels and signaling pathways interact in osteoarthritis, offering a theoretical basis for future multi-target t…
Frontiers Aug 9, 2026

Research across Arthritis

Related studies from across the Arthritis family.

Moderate-intensity isotonic exercise improves function by MD -16.66 in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Physical Medicine & Rehab Meta-analysis
Moderate-intensity isotonic exercise improves function by MD -16.66 in patients with knee osteoarthritis Specific exercise volume and intensity may help manage knee osteoarthritis pain
This meta-analysis of 791 people with knee osteoarthritis found that moderate-intensity isotonic lower extremity resistance exercise signifi…
New research suggests that specific types of resistance exercises can help people with knee osteoarthritis manage pain and improve daily mov…
Sep 13, 2026
Comparing Eight Nerve Block Combinations and Local Infiltration Analgesia for Total Knee Arthroplasty
Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine RCT
Comparing Eight Nerve Block Combinations and Local Infiltration Analgesia for Total Knee Arthroplasty Nerve Block Combination May Shorten Hospital Stays After Knee Surgery
A randomized trial evaluates whether an eight-nerve block technique reduces opioid consumption and hospital stay compared to standard LIA.
A new nerve block technique for knee replacement patients showed lower opioid use and shorter hospital stays compared to standard local inje…
Sep 11, 2026
Opioid-free perioperative regimens associated with lower pain scores and fewer side effects in hip arthroplasty
Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine Meta-analysis
Opioid-free perioperative regimens associated with lower pain scores and fewer side effects in hip arthroplasty Opioid-free Pain Management Shows Better Results for Hip Surgery Patients
This meta-analysis of 1681 patients found that opioid-free perioperative regimens resulted in lower movement and resting VAS pain scores com…
Patients undergoing hip replacement may experience less pain and fewer side effects when managed with opioid-free medication plans after sur…
Sep 6, 2026
Deep-learning models show variable sensitivity and precision for knee osteoarthritis grading
Radiology & Imaging Meta-analysis
Deep-learning models show variable sensitivity and precision for knee osteoarthritis grading Deep Learning Shows Promise Grading Knee Osteoarthritis
This meta-analysis of 32 studies evaluated deep-learning (DL) algorithms for radiographic grading of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Pooled sensi…
AI shows promise grading knee OA on X-rays, but it's not ready for early-stage detection, a new review finds.
Sep 6, 2026
Ozone injections are more effective than corticosteroids for short and medium term pain in knee osteoarthritis
Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine Meta-analysis
Ozone injections are more effective than corticosteroids for short and medium term pain in knee osteoarthritis Ozone injections may reduce knee pain more than corticosteroids
This meta-analysis of 409 patients compared intra-articular ozone injections to corticosteroid injections for knee osteoarthritis. The analy…
Ozone injections could offer a more effective way to manage pain and improve movement for people living with knee osteoarthritis.
Sep 6, 2026
Robotic-assisted TKA using functional alignment principles yields favorable outcomes and low early revision risk
Orthopedics & Sports Medicine Meta-analysis
Robotic-assisted TKA using functional alignment principles yields favorable outcomes and low early revision risk Robotic assistance improves outcomes for patients with knee osteoarthritis
This systematic review and meta-analysis of 5155 patients evaluated robotic-assisted TKA using functional alignment (FA) principles. The ana…
Robotic-assisted knee replacements using functional alignment show improved movement and lower early revision risks for patients with knee o…
Sep 3, 2026
CT-based CPAK measurements show more varus MPTA and valgus LDFA than LLR
Radiology & Imaging RCT
CT-based CPAK measurements show more varus MPTA and valgus LDFA than LLR CT Scans Show Different Knee Alignment Than X-rays
This retrospective cohort study of 241 patients undergoing robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty compared CT and long-leg radiograph (LLR…
New analysis shows that CT scans and traditional X-rays can produce different alignment measurements for patients undergoing knee replacemen…
Aug 16, 2026
Infection, instability, and aseptic loosening are the primary causes of revision TKA failure
Orthopedics & Sports Medicine Meta-analysis
Infection, instability, and aseptic loosening are the primary causes of revision TKA failure Analysis reveals common reasons for failed revision knee replacements
This meta-analysis of 39,723 revision arthroplasties identified a re-revision rate of 13.5%. The study highlights infection as the most freq…
A large-scale analysis of over 39,000 surgeries identifies infection and instability as leading causes of failure in revised knee replacemen…
Aug 3, 2026
VR-assisted physiotherapy improves pain, function, and balance in knee osteoarthritis
Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine Meta-analysis
VR-assisted physiotherapy improves pain, function, and balance in knee osteoarthritis Virtual reality helps manage knee osteoarthritis pain and function
This systematic review and meta-analysis found that virtual reality (VR)-assisted physiotherapy significantly improves pain, physical functi…
Using virtual reality during physical therapy can provide better pain relief and improved balance for people with knee osteoarthritis.
Jul 24, 2026
Celecoxib ranks highest for analgesic efficacy in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Orthopedics & Sports Medicine Meta-analysis
Celecoxib ranks highest for analgesic efficacy in patients with knee osteoarthritis Comparing Different Medications and Supplements to Manage Knee Osteoarthritis Pain
This network meta-analysis compared several interventions, including celecoxib, metformin, and krill oil, for the management of knee osteoar…
Doctors are looking at several ways to treat knee pain. This review compares drugs like celecoxib with natural options like krill oil.
Frontiers Jul 22, 2026
Mongolian warm acupuncture improves clinical response in knee osteoarthritis vs oral meds
Rheumatology Meta-analysis
Mongolian warm acupuncture improves clinical response in knee osteoarthritis vs oral meds Mongolian Medicines Warm Acupuncture Shows Promise for Knee Osteoarthritis
This meta-analysis of 882 patients with knee osteoarthritis found that Mongolian medicines warm acupuncture significantly improved clinical …
A review of clinical trials suggests that Mongolian medicines warm acupuncture may improve symptoms for people with knee osteoarthritis.
Frontiers Jul 22, 2026
Neuromodulation techniques show promise for pain and function in knee osteoarthritis, but evidence is low certainty
Neurology Meta-analysis
Neuromodulation techniques show promise for pain and function in knee osteoarthritis, but evidence is low certainty Neuromodulation Shows Promise for Managing Knee Osteoarthritis Pain
A scoping review of 23 studies (18 RCTs) found that various neuromodulation techniques (TENS, NMES, PNS, electroacupuncture, tDCS) demonstra…
Various electrical stimulation techniques may help manage pain and improve function for people living with knee osteoarthritis.
Frontiers Jul 16, 2026

Questions about Osteoarthritis

How long do knee implants last in patients under 50?

For patients under 50, knee implants (total knee arthroplasty) show 87% survival at 10+ years, with aseptic loosening as the main reason for revision.

Full answer →
Can engineered exosomes be used to treat osteoarthritis?

Yes, early research shows engineered exosomes can target cartilage, reduce inflammation, and promote repair in osteoarthritis, but human trials are still needed.

Full answer →
Which genes are linked to osteoarthritis in meniscus and cartilage?

Genes linked to osteoarthritis in meniscus and cartilage include 27 meniscus-specific, 28 shared, and 20 cartilage-specific causal genes, such as VEGFA and CLEC18A, identified through genomic analysis.

Full answer →
What role do exosomal non-coding RNAs play in osteoarthritis?

Exosomal non-coding RNAs regulate osteoarthritis by controlling inflammation, cartilage breakdown, and joint cell communication, and show promise as biomarkers and therapies.

Full answer →

All Osteoarthritis Articles