A new analysis of 742 children with autism spectrum disorder suggests that exercise may help improve executive function, which includes skills like planning, focusing, and shifting attention. The review combined results from multiple studies and found significant improvements in overall executive function, as well as in specific areas like inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. However, the authors note that the certainty of the evidence is low, so the findings should be interpreted cautiously.
The analysis included children with autism who took part in exercise interventions, though the type, duration, and intensity of the exercise varied across studies. The researchers measured changes in thinking skills using standard tests. They found that exercise was linked to better performance in all four areas measured. The strongest effect was seen in cognitive flexibility, which is the ability to adapt to new situations or rules.
No safety concerns were reported in the studies, but the analysis did not provide details on side effects or how well children tolerated the exercise. Because the evidence is low certainty, it is not possible to say for sure that exercise causes these improvements. The authors also noted a dose-response relationship, meaning more exercise might lead to greater benefits, but this needs more research.
For families and caregivers, this analysis offers a hopeful sign that physical activity might support thinking skills in children with autism. However, it is not a prescription. Parents should talk to their child's doctor or therapist before starting a new exercise program, especially to find activities that are safe and enjoyable for their child.
