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Lower rest-activity rhythm parameters associated with increased abdominal aortic aneurysm riskIrregular daily activity rhythms may increase aneurysm risk

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Key Takeaway
Note the association between lower rest-activity rhythm parameters and increased abdominal aortic aneurysm risk.

This cohort study analyzed 78,282 UK Biobank participants who completed accelerometer monitoring between 2013 and 2015. Researchers investigated the association between accelerometer-derived rest-activity rhythm (RAR) parameters, including relative amplitude, M10, amplitude, and mesor, and the incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) over a mean follow-up of 10.1 years. A total of 229 AAA cases were recorded during the study period.

Results indicated that lower RAR parameters were significantly associated with increased AAA risk. Specifically, lower relative amplitude was associated with an HR of 1.49 (95% CI 1.03 to 2.15). Lower M10 was associated with an HR of 1.51 (95% CI 1.05 to 2.18). Additionally, lower amplitude showed an HR of 1.58 (95% CI 1.09 to 2.30), and lower mesor was associated with an HR of 1.46 (95% CI 1.04 to 2.14).

Causal mediation analysis examined the role of inflammatory markers, finding that neutrophil and monocyte counts explained approximately 5 to 6% of the RAR-AAA association. No significant interactions were observed with other risk factors such as smoking or high polygenic risk.

While these findings suggest that integrating RAR measures with traditional risk factors may improve risk stratification, the study is limited by its observational design. Safety and tolerability data were not reported.

An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a life-threatening bulge in the body's largest artery. While we know many risk factors for this condition, researchers are now looking at how our daily movement patterns might play a role.

By tracking the activity levels of over 78,000 people for about 10 years, researchers found that a lack of clear rhythm in daily activity is linked to a higher risk of developing an aneurysm. Specifically, when the difference between active and resting periods is smaller, or when the timing of activity shifts, the risk of an aneurysm appears to rise.

This study looked at several parts of our rest-activity rhythm, including how much we move during our most active hours. The findings suggest that lower levels of activity amplitude and less distinct rhythms are associated with an increased risk of AAA.

While these patterns are linked to higher risk, the researchers noted that inflammation markers only explained a small part of this connection. The study shows an association rather than a direct cause, but it suggests that monitoring our daily rhythms could eventually help doctors better predict who might be at risk.

What this means for you:
Less distinct daily activity rhythms are linked to a higher risk of abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Study Details

Study typeCohort
EvidenceLevel 3
PublishedApr 2026
View Original Abstract ↓
IntroductionDisrupted rest-activity rhythm (RAR), an accelerometer-derived measure of the strength and temporal organization of daily behavioral rhythms, has been linked to multiple adverse health outcomes. Given that the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) involves chronic inflammation, extracellular matrix degradation, and vascular smooth muscle cell dysfunction, attenuated rest-activity rhythms (RAR) may be associated with AAA risk. However, prospective evidence on this association remains limited.MethodsThe primary analysis included 78,282 UK Biobank participants who completed accelerometer monitoring between 2013 and 2015. Thirteen parametric and nonparametric RAR parameters were derived. Cox proportional hazards models estimated associations between RAR parameters and AAA incidence, as well as potential interactions and joint effects with other risk factors. Causal mediation analysis examined the mediating role of inflammatory markers. An XGBoost-based survival model evaluated variable importance, and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) interpreted feature contributions.ResultsDuring a mean follow-up of 10.1 years, 229 AAA cases were recorded. Lower RAR parameters, particularly relative amplitude (RA), M10, amplitude, and mesor, were significantly associated with higher AAA risk [lowest vs. highest tertile HRs: RA 1.49 (95% CI 1.03–2.15); M10 1.51 (1.05–2.18); amplitude 1.58 (1.09–2.30); mesor 1.46 (1.04–2.14)]. Although no significant interactions were observed, individuals with weaker RAR combined with current smoking or high polygenic risk had markedly increased AAA risk. Mediation analysis indicated that neutrophil and monocyte counts explained about 5–6% of the RAR-AAA association. In the XGBoost model, beyond age, male sex, and PRS as dominant predictors, mesor, RA, and M10 emerged as meaningful contributors to AAA risk prediction.ConclusionAccelerometer-derived RAR parameters are strongly associated with the risk of developing AAA. Integrating RAR measures with genetic and traditional risk factors may improve risk stratification and provide novel insights for preventive strategies against AAA.
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