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Auricular thumbtack needle therapy plus behavioral therapy improved overactive bladder and anxiety scores in 118 women over 6 weeksThumbtack therapy plus behavioral care improved bladder and anxiety symptoms in women

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Key Takeaway
Consider auricular thumbtack needle therapy plus behavioral therapy for overactive bladder with anxiety, noting higher dropout rates.

This randomized controlled trial evaluated 118 female patients with mild to moderate overactive bladder accompanied by anxiety symptoms. Participants were divided into an experimental group of 59 patients and a control group of 59 patients. The intervention involved auricular thumbtack needle therapy applied to auricular points of the heart, liver, kidney, and bladder, combined with behavioral therapy. The comparator consisted of behavioral therapy and basic treatment. Follow-up occurred over 6 weeks.

Main results indicated that scores for overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS), Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA), overactive bladder questionnaire (OAB-q), Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), Hamilton depression scale (HAMD), and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores decreased significantly compared with baseline in the experimental group (p<0.05). Nocturia frequency also decreased significantly. Conversely, maximum flow rate (MFR), maximum cystometric capacity (MCC), and serum 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) contents increased significantly compared with baseline (p<0.05). Residual urine volume (RUV) decreased in the experimental group compared with baseline (p<0.05).

When compared directly with the control group, the experimental group demonstrated lower scores for OABSS, HAMA, OAB-q, PSQI, HAMD, and TCM syndrome scores, along with reduced nocturia frequency and elevated MFR, MCC, and serum 5-HT contents (p<0.05). The total effective rate was 95.92% (47/49) in the experimental group versus 80.70% (46/57) in the control group (p<0.05). Regarding safety, adverse events and serious adverse events were not reported. However, 10 dropouts occurred in the experimental group and 2 dropouts occurred in the control group. Tolerability was described as safe in clinical application.

Key limitations regarding the study design, funding, or conflicts of interest were not reported in the provided data. The findings suggest potential benefits for this specific population, but the observational nature of some outcome reporting and the dropout rates warrant cautious interpretation before changing standard practice.

Many women struggle with urgent bladder needs and the worry that comes with them. This trial looked at a specific treatment for female patients with mild to moderate overactive bladder who also had anxiety symptoms. The team compared auricular thumbtack needle therapy combined with behavioral therapy against behavioral therapy and basic treatment alone. The needle therapy targeted points on the ear linked to the heart, liver, kidney, and bladder. Participants stayed in the study for six weeks.

The results showed clear improvements for those receiving the combined therapy. Scores measuring bladder urgency, anxiety, sleep quality, and depression all dropped significantly compared to before treatment. Nighttime bathroom trips became less frequent, and measures of bladder function like urine flow and capacity improved. The rate of overall improvement was significantly higher in the group receiving the needle therapy.

Safety was a key part of this research. No serious side effects were reported, and the therapy was considered safe for clinical use. However, ten women in the experimental group dropped out, while two in the control group did. While the findings are promising, the study involved a specific group of women, so results may vary for others.

What this means for you:
Combined ear needle therapy and behavioral care improved bladder and anxiety symptoms in women.

Study Details

Study typeRct
EvidenceLevel 2
Follow-up1.4 mo
PublishedApr 2026
View Original Abstract ↓
OBJECTIVES: To observe the effect of auricular thumbtack needle combined with behavioral therapy on anxiety symptoms, clinical symptoms, and peripheral serum 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) content in female patients with mild to moderate overactive bladder (OAB) accompanied by anxiety symptoms. METHODS: A total of 118 female patients with mild to moderate OAB and anxiety symptoms were randomly divided into an experimental group (59 cases, 10 dropouts) and a control group (59 cases, 2 dropouts). In the control group, the behavioral therapy and basic treatment were provided. In the experimental group, auricular thumbtack needle therapy was given in addition to treatments in the control group. The thumbtack needles were applied to the auricular points of heart (CO15), liver (CO12), kidney (CO10), and bladder (CO9). Behavioral therapy was conducted daily, and the thumbtack needles were replaced every 3-4 days, alternating between both ears, for a total of 6 weeks. The following indicators were observed before and after treatment:overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS), Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) score, overactive bladder questionnaire (OAB-q) score, Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) score, Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) score, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome score, urodynamic parameters (maximum flow rate [MFR], maximum cystometric capacity [MCC], and residual urine volume [RUV]), nocturia frequency, and serum 5-HT content measured by ELISA. RESULTS: After 2, 4, and 6 weeks of treatment, the scores of OABSS, HAMA, OAB-q, PSQI, HAMD, and TCM syndrome scores in both groups decreased significantly (<0.05) compared with those before treatment. After 6 weeks of treatment, the nocturia frequency of patients in both groups were lower (<0.05) than those before treatment, while the MFR, MCC and serum 5-HT contents were all higher (<0.05) than those before treatment;RUV of the experiment group decreased (<0.05). Compared with the control group at different time points after treatment, the experimental group showed lower scores of OABSS, HAMA, OAB-q, PSQI, HAMD, TCM syndrome scores as well as reduced nocturia frequency (<0.05), along with elevated MFR, MCC and serum 5-HT contents (<0.05). The total effective rate of the experimental group was 95.92% (47/49), which was significantly higher than that of the control group (80.70%, 46/57, <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of behavioral therapy, combined with auricular thumbtack needle stimulation of the vagus nerve, it can effectively alleviate anxiety, improve clinical symptoms and nocturia in patients, and this therapy is safe in clinical application.
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