Vitamin D Repletion in Stone Formers With Hypercalciuria

Vitamin D plays a critical role in maintaining bone health, as well as preventing cardiovascular disease, cancer, and various autoimmune diseases, such as diabetes. Vitamin D deficiency is very common in the United States and worldwide, and is now being increasingly recognized and treated. One group in which vitamin D deficiency may be particularly important is patients who have had kidney stones. These patients frequently have elevated levels of calcium in their urine, which is a common and important risk factor for calcium containing kidney stones. Because vitamin D increases absorption of calcium into the blood by the intestines, physicians may be reluctant to prescribe vitamin D therapy to patients with vitamin D deficiency if they also have kidney stones and high amounts of calcium in the urine. They are concerned about the possible risk of increasing the amount of calcium in the urine (and thereby increasing the risk of calcium stones occurring again). However, studies in patients without kidney stones, as well as studies in patients with high calcium levels in the urine, have demonstrated that giving vitamin D is effective and safe and does not increase calcium in the urine. Therefore, the investigators will study the effects of giving vitamin D on the amount of calcium in the urine in patients with a history of kidney stones and elevated calcium in the urine. The investigators will evaluate the safety of giving vitamin D to this particular group of patients.