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Cross-Sectional Analysis of Protective Foot Sensation and Complications in 387 Type 2 Diabetes PatientsSmoking and kidney disease link to worse diabetes nerve damage in feet

AI-generated summary of the cited source, checked by automated accuracy review. How we work

Key Takeaway
Note smoking, severe CKD linked with loss of protective sensation in Type 2 Diabetes; causality unproven.

This retrospective cross-sectional study examined clinical characteristics and protective foot sensation status among 387 patients with Type 2 diabetes diagnosed with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy. Conducted at University Hospital Sharjah, the research aimed to identify differences in patient profiles based on protective foot sensation status. Follow-up duration was not reported, and the study was published as an abstract.

The primary exposure assessed was protective foot sensation status, categorized as Loss of Protective sensation versus Reduced protective sensation. Prevalence results showed that 45% of the cohort experienced Loss of Protective sensation, while 55% had Reduced protective sensation. No effect size or confidence intervals were reported for these prevalence figures.

Predictors associated with Loss of Protective sensation included smoking, ulcer history, amputation, and severe Chronic Kidney Disease. Smoking demonstrated an odds ratio of 38.91, while severe CKD showed an odds ratio of 6.04. Ulcer history and amputation had odds ratios of 3.35 and 3.46, respectively. Patients with Loss of Protective sensation exhibited higher rates of smoking, renal dysfunction, dyslipidemia, foot complications, and osteomyelitis compared to the comparator group.

Safety data regarding adverse events, serious adverse events, discontinuations, and tolerability were not reported. The study design is observational, meaning associations are reported but causation is not established. P-values were truncated in the source text, limiting statistical interpretation. Findings emphasize the need for early detection and targeted interventions to prevent Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy progression, but certainty is limited by the abstract format and cross-sectional design.

Imagine waking up one day and not feeling a blister on your foot. For people with diabetes, losing the feeling that protects your feet means small cuts can turn into big trouble. It is scary to think you might not know something is wrong until it is too late.

Researchers looked at 387 patients at a university hospital in Sharjah to understand this better. They compared people who still felt things in their feet against those who lost that feeling completely. About 45% of the group had lost feeling, while 55% still had reduced feeling.

The data pointed to specific risk factors. Smoking made people much more likely to lose feeling. Those with a history of ulcers, amputations, or severe kidney disease also faced higher risks. Patients with lost sensation had more complications like bone infections and lipid issues.

We need to be careful with these numbers. This study observed patterns rather than testing a treatment. The authors note that smoking and kidney disease are linked to worse nerve damage, but they did not prove these things cause the loss directly. It highlights a need for early checks, but we cannot say for sure what will happen next.

What this means for you:
Smoking and kidney disease link to severe nerve damage in diabetes feet, but this study shows connections, not causes.

Study Details

Study typeCohort
EvidenceLevel 3
PublishedApr 2026
View Original Abstract ↓
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes, particularly in regions with high disease prevalence, such as the United Arab Emirates (UAE). This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics of patients with DPN and compare differences in patient profiles according to the status of protective foot sensation. This retrospective cross-sectional study included 387 patients with Type 2 diabetes diagnosed with DPN at University Hospital Sharjah (UHS) between 2019 and 2024. Data were extracted from medical records. Patients were grouped by protective sensation status and compared using t-tests, chi-square tests, and logistic regression. Among the cohort, 45% had Loss of Protective sensation(LOPS) and 55% had reduced protective sensation (RPS). Significant differences were observed in smoking status, active ulcers, amputation, Chronic Kidney Disease severity, lipid profile, and HbA1c levels. Multivariable regression analysis identified smoking (OR = 38.91), ulcer history (OR = 3.35), amputation (OR = 3.46), and severe CKD (OR = 6.04) as predictors of LOPS (all p This study confirms prior findings on DPN and highlights new associations related to loss of protective sensation. Patients with LOPS had higher rates of smoking, renal dysfunction, dyslipidemia, foot complications, and osteomyelitis. Smoking, ulcer or amputation history, and advanced CKD were significantly associated with LOPS. These findings emphasize the need for early detection and targeted interventions to prevent DPN progression.
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