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Home › Conditions › rectal neoplasms

Rectal neoplasms

Part of Microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer

1 published article · Updated continuously

Clinical Trial Landscape

Clinical Trials for rectal neoplasms

11 trials tracked for rectal neoplasms: 2 in phase 3 or 4 and 1 with published results. The most-cited published study has 8 citations.

11Trials tracked
2Phase 3 & 4
0Recruiting
1With published results
Phase distribution
Phase 4 2 Phase 2 3 Phase 1 2 Other / NA 4
  1. Phase 4 Concentration of Ertapenem in Colorectal Tissue Completed · 8 cited
  2. Phase 4 NITI CAR27 (ColonRing) Compression Anastomosis in Colorectal Surgery Completed
  3. Phase 2 A Study of Pemetrexed and Folic Acid Given Before Surgery (Neoadjuvant Treatment) to Patients With Rectal Cancer. Completed
  4. Phase 2 Five Fractions of Radiotherapy Followed by Full Dose FOLFOX Chemotherapy as Preoperative Treatment for Rectal Cancer Completed
  5. Phase 2 [F-18] Fluorothymidine PET/CT Imaging for Pelvic Cancers Completed
  6. Phase 1 Safety Study of Capecitabine With Radiation in Elderly Rectal Cancer Completed
Show 5 more trials
  1. Phase 1 Study of Postoperative Concurrent Chemo-radiation With Capecitabine in Elderly Rectal Cancer Patients Completed
  2. N/A PeLear CCC: Proyecto Latino Contra Cancer Colorrectal Completed
  3. N/A The Role of Biofeedback in Improving Continence After Anterior Resection Completed
  4. N/A A Post-marketing Surveillance Study to Assess the Safety of Cervarix (GlaxoSmithKline [GSK] Biologicals' Human Papillomavirus [HPV] -16/18 Vaccine), When Administered According to the Approved Prescribing Information (PI) in Korea Completed
  5. N/A Fluorescent Evaluation of Colorectal Anastamoses Completed

Showing the 11 most-cited and recently-updated of 11 trials. Browse the full registry →

Trial data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. Counts describe the research landscape and are not a treatment recommendation. Informational only — not medical advice.

What the trials found Updated — new results For clinicians

Rectal neoplasms: what the trials found

[NEW] A recent trial (NCT06426927) demonstrated that educational videos in Spanish significantly improved knowledge of colorectal cancer symptoms, risk factors, and screening among patients, with all p-values <0.0001 1. This finding is new and not yet corroborated by other trials.

Several phase 1 and 4 trials have evaluated interventions for rectal neoplasms. Ertapenem was studied in a phase 4 trial (N=23) 2, and a compression anastomosis device was assessed in another phase 4 trial (N=62) 3. Capecitabine was investigated in two phase 1 trials (N=24 and N=18) 78. However, these trials do not report outcome results, so no efficacy conclusions can be drawn from them.

Recent results — preliminary, needs further review

  • Educational videos in Spanish improved knowledge of colorectal cancer symptoms, risk factors, and screening (all p<0.0001) 1.
  • Fluorothymidine F 18 showed a percent difference from baseline IMRT plan ranging from -14.2 to -0.1, but this is unconfirmed 4.
  • Oxaliplatin was associated with incidence of late grade 3+ morbidity (16-21) and post-chemoradiotherapy grade 3+ morbidity (21), but these findings are unconfirmed 5.
  • Pemetrexed was studied in a phase 2 trial (N=37) but no outcome results are reported 6.
  • Biofeedback showed no significant change in Cleveland Clinic Incontinence Score (p=0.54) 10.

For the clinician treating this condition

  • Educational videos in Spanish can significantly improve patient knowledge about colorectal cancer symptoms, risk factors, and screening.
  • Capecitabine, ertapenem, and compression anastomosis devices have been evaluated in early-phase trials, but efficacy data are lacking.
  • Unconfirmed findings from phase 2 trials suggest potential signals for fluorothymidine F 18 and oxaliplatin, but these require further validation.

AI synthesis of 9 cited trials, updated Jun 29, 2026. Informational only — not medical advice; trial data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. How we use AI.

HCP Mode — summaries include clinical detail, trial data, and statistical outcomes.
Patient Mode — summaries use plain language, avoiding clinical jargon.
Closing rectal wall defects after full-thickness excision reduces bleeding and re-admission rates compared to leaving defects open in patients with rectal neoplasms
Oncology Meta-analysis
Closing rectal wall defects after full-thickness excision reduces bleeding and re-admission rates compared to leaving defects open in patients with rectal neoplasms Closing the rectal wall defect lowers bleeding and re-admission rates after surgery
A systematic review and meta-analysis of six studies found that closing rectal wall defects after full-thickness excision significantly lowe…
A review of six studies found that closing the rectal wall defect after surgery significantly reduced bleeding and re-admission rates compar…
May 16, 2026

Research across Microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer

Related studies from across the Microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer family.

Tislelizumab plus chemotherapy and radiotherapy yields 89.1% 3-year disease-free survival in pMMR/MSS locally advanced rectal cancer
Gastroenterology Phase II
Tislelizumab plus chemotherapy and radiotherapy yields 89.1% 3-year disease-free survival in pMMR/MSS locally advanced rectal cancer Early trial shows high survival rates for rectal cancer patients treated with tislelizumab
This Phase 2 clinical trial evaluated neoadjuvant tislelizumab, chemotherapy, and long-course radiotherapy in 50 patients with pMMR/MSS loca…
A Phase 2 trial found that adding tislelizumab to standard care helped 89% of patients stay free of cancer for three years. This approach wo…
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MRI-derived nomogram improves high-risk LARC stratification over single-feature models in a multicenter retrospective cohort
Oncology Cohort
MRI-derived nomogram improves high-risk LARC stratification over single-feature models in a multicenter retrospective cohort New MRI Tool Pinpoints Which Rectal Cancer Patients Need Intensive Treatment
This multicenter retrospective cohort study evaluated a nomogram integrating habitat heterogeneity, peritumoral (3 mm) radiomic features, an…
This new approach could spare some patients from harsh treatments while ensuring others get the aggressive care they need.
Frontiers Apr 21, 2026
Neoadjuvant CAPOX chemotherapy alone showed comparable survival to chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer with uninvolved mesorectal fascia
Oncology RCT
Neoadjuvant CAPOX chemotherapy alone showed comparable survival to chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer with uninvolved mesorectal fascia Some Rectal Cancer Patients May Skip Radiation Without Losing Ground
This Phase III RCT compared 4 cycles of CAPOX chemotherapy alone versus chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer an…
Some rectal cancer patients can skip pre-surgery radiation and still achieve similar cure rates while avoiding long-term side effects like b…
Apr 13, 2026
ESD achieves R0 resection for large rectal intramucosal carcinoma involving dentate line in case report
Rheumatology Cohort
ESD achieves R0 resection for large rectal intramucosal carcinoma involving dentate line in case report Imagine a large, pre-cancerous growth in the most sensitive part of your rectum. Removing it used to mean major, life-altering surgery. But a new report shows a different path is possible
A case report describes a 70-year-old male with altered bowel habits who underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection for a large rectal tumor…
Doctors successfully removed a large, tricky rectal tumor with a minimally invasive technique, preserving the patient's natural bowel functi…
Frontiers Apr 10, 2026
Dynamic ctDNA monitoring during neoadjuvant chemotherapy identifies high-risk rectal cancer patients
Gastroenterology RCT
Dynamic ctDNA monitoring during neoadjuvant chemotherapy identifies high-risk rectal cancer patients Blood test during chemo may help predict rectal cancer treatment response
A biomarker substudy of a multicenter RCT in 153 patients with low-/intermediate-risk locally advanced rectal cancer found that dynamic ctDN…
A blood test tracking tumor DNA during chemo can predict which rectal cancer patients won't respond well to treatment before surgery.
Apr 8, 2026
Phase 2 trial tests metformin with neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer
Gastroenterology Phase II
Phase 2 trial tests metformin with neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer Could a common diabetes drug help people with rectal cancer respond better to treatment?
A Phase 2 trial (n=60) evaluated adding metformin to neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (capecitabine + 50 Gy radiation) for locally advanced rec…
Adding a common diabetes pill to pre-surgery treatment for rectal cancer may help clear out cancer cells before the operation begins.
CT.gov Mar 30, 2026