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Home › Conditions › macular edema

Macular edema

Part of Age-Related Macular Degeneration

1 published article · Updated continuously

Clinical Trial Landscape

Clinical Trials for macular edema

57 trials tracked for macular edema: 29 in phase 3 or 4 and 9 with published results. The most-cited published study has 212 citations.

57Trials tracked
29Phase 3 & 4
0Recruiting
9With published results
Phase distribution
Phase 4 5 Phase 3 24 Phase 2 15 Phase 1 1 Other / NA 12
  1. Phase 3 PeriOcular and INTravitreal Corticosteroids for Uveitic Macular Edema Trial Completed · 212 cited
  2. Phase 3 A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Faricimab in Participants With Macular Edema Secondary to Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion Completed · 101 cited
  3. Phase 3 A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Faricimab in Participants With Macular Edema Secondary to Central Retinal or Hemiretinal Vein Occlusion Completed · 80 cited
  4. Phase 3 Ranibizumab Intravitreal Injections in Patients With Visual Impairment Due to Macular Edema Secondary to Central Retinal Vein Occlusion Completed · 43 cited
  5. Phase 3 Macular Edema Ranibizumab v. Intravitreal Anti-inflammatory Therapy Trial Completed · 22 cited
  6. Phase 4 Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema With Aflibercept in Subjects Previously Treated With Ranibizumab or Bevacizumab Completed · 21 cited
Show 44 more trials
  1. Phase 3 Efficacy and Safety of Three Different Aflibercept Regimens in Subjects With Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) Completed · 18 cited
  2. Phase 3 Efficacy and Safety of VEGF Trap Eye in Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) With Central Involvement Completed · 15 cited
  3. Phase 3 A Study in Patients With Neovascular Age Related Macular Degeneration or Macular Edema Secondary To Retinal Vein Occlusion to Evaluate Usability of the Ranibizumab (Lucentis®) Prefilled Syringe (PFS) Completed · 4 cited
  4. Phase 4 A Safety and Efficacy Study of OZURDEX® in Macular Edema Associated With Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion Completed
  5. Phase 4 Investigation of the Change of Vision-related Quality of Life in Subjects Treated With Aflibercept According to EU Label for DME. Completed
  6. Phase 4 A Study Evaluating Dosing Regimens for Treatment With Intravitreal Ranibizumab Injections in Subjects With Macular Edema Following Retinal Vein Occlusion Completed
  7. Phase 4 Safety and Efficacy Study of Ozurdex® Compared to Lucentis® in Patients With Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion Completed
  8. Phase 3 Efficacy of an Intravitreal DEX Implant in Retinal Vein Occlusion Following Treatment With Anti-VEGF Injections. Completed
  9. Phase 3 An Open-label Extended Clinical Protocol of Ranibizumab to Evaluate Safety and Efficacy in Rare VEGF Driven Ocular Diseases. Completed
  10. Phase 3 A Safety and Efficacy Study of Dexamethasone Versus Laser Photocoagulation in Participants With Diabetic Macular Edema Completed
  11. Phase 3 A Study to Evaluate an Updated Dexamethasone Intravitreal (Into the Eye) Applicator in Adult Participants With Macular Edema Due to Diseases of the Retina Completed
  12. Phase 3 A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy, Durability, and Safety of KSI-301 Compared to Aflibercept in Patients With Macular Edema Due to Retinal Vein Occlusion (RVO) Completed
  13. Phase 3 Safety and Efficacy Study of Dexamethasone in the Treatment of Patients With Macular Edema Following Retinal Vein Occlusion (RVO) Completed
  14. Phase 3 Efficacy and Safety of Ranibizumab Intravitreal Injections Versus Dexamethasone Intravitreal Implant in Patients With Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion (BRVO) Completed
  15. Phase 3 A Study of Ranibizumab Injection in Subjects With Clinically Significant Macular Edema (ME) With Center Involvement Secondary to Diabetes Mellitus (RIDE) Completed
  16. Phase 3 A Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Ranibizumab Injection in Patients With Macular Edema Secondary to Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRUISE) Completed
  17. Phase 3 A Phase 3 Study To Compare The Efficacy And Safety Of 0.3 MG Pegaptanib Sodium To Sham Injections In Subjects With Diabetic Macular Edema Completed
  18. Phase 3 A Study of the Safety and Efficacy of a New Treatment for Macular Edema Resulting From Retinal Vein Occlusion Completed
  19. Phase 3 A Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Ranibizumab Injection in Patients With Macular Edema Secondary to Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion (BRAVO) Completed
  20. Phase 3 Intravitreal Aflibercept Injection in Vision Impairment Due to DME Completed
  21. Phase 3 A Study of the Safety and Efficacy of a New Treatment for Macular Edema Resulting From Retinal Vein Occlusion Completed
  22. Phase 3 Efficacy and Safety of Ranibizumab Intravitreal Injections Versus Dexamethasone Intravitreal Implant in Patients With Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO) Completed
  23. Phase 3 A Study of Ranibizumab Injection in Subjects With Clinically Significant Macular Edema (ME) With Center Involvement Secondary to Diabetes Mellitus (RISE) Completed
  24. Phase 2 Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Repeat Intravitreal Injections of Foselutoclax (UBX1325) in Patients With DME (ASPIRE) Completed
  25. Phase 2 Intravitreal Ranibizumab 0.5MG, or 1.0mg for RVO With Macular Edema Previously Receiving Bevacizumab Completed
  26. Phase 2 Suprachoroidal Injection of Triamcinolone Acetonide in Subjects With Macular Edema Following Non-Infectious Uveitis Completed
  27. Phase 2 Safety and Effect on Central Retinal Thickness of BI 1026706 in Patients With Diabetic Macular Edema Completed
  28. Phase 2 Study Assessing AR-1105 in Subjects With Macular Edema Due to Retinal Vein Occlusion (RVO) Completed
  29. Phase 2 Ranibizumab (Lucentis) for Macular Edema Secondary to Vein Occlusions Completed
  30. Phase 2 Safety and Efficacy of AGN208397 in the Treatment of Macular Edema Associated With Retinal Vein Occlusion (RVO) Completed
  31. Phase 2 Dosing Study of Ranibizumab for Diabetic Retinal and Macular Edema Completed
  32. Phase 2 A Clinical Safety and Efficacy Comparison of NEVANAC 0.1% to Vehicle After Cataract Surgery in Diabetic Retinopathy Patients Completed
  33. Phase 2 A 3-Month Clinical Trial to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of the OZURDEX® Intraocular Implant in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus Completed
  34. Phase 2 A Study to Evaluate the Usability of the SB11 PFS in Subjects With Wet AMD or Macular Oedema Secondary to RVO Completed
  35. Phase 2 Safety and Efficacy Study of Dexamethasone Versus Ranibizumab in Patients With Diabetic Macular Edema Completed
  36. Phase 2 REtinal Vein OccLUsion Treatment With Scatter Laser Guided by UWFA in combiNAtion With Ranibizumab Study Completed
  37. Phase 2 Bevacizumab in Combination With Visudyne Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) Completed
  38. Phase 2 Suprachoroidal Injection of Triamcinolone Acetonide With IVT Aflibercept in Subjects With Macular Edema Following RVO Completed
  39. Phase 1 Efalizumab to Treat Uveitis Completed
  40. N/A Retinal OCT and (mfERG) Related to Age, Sex, and the Use of Anti-inflammatory Medications Completed
  41. N/A Retrospective Study in Patients Receiving Two or More OZURDEX® Injections for Retinal Vein Occlusion (RVO) Completed
  42. N/A Study of Ozurdex® Treatment Practice in Patients With Macular Oedema Due to Retinal Vein Occlusion Completed
  43. N/A Evaluation of the Precision of the Microperimetry Function of the Spectral OCT/SLO Completed
  44. N/A Comparison of Initial Ozurdex (Dexamethasone Implant) to Avastin (Bevacizumab) for Treatment of Macular Edema Caused by Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO) Completed

Showing the 50 most-cited and recently-updated of 57 trials. Browse the full registry →

Trial data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. Counts describe the research landscape and are not a treatment recommendation. Informational only — not medical advice.

What the trials found For clinicians

Macular edema: what the trials found

Several anti-VEGF agents have demonstrated efficacy in treating macular edema. Aflibercept showed significant improvements in visual acuity (BCVA) at week 52, with a mean change of 13.7 and 12.8 letters compared to -0.2 12, and consistent gains in BCVA across various study arms [1, 2, 11]. Specifically, studies using Aflibercept reported significant reductions in central retinal thickness (CRT) at week 52 11 and high percentages of patients gaining at least 10 or 15 letters in BCVA [12, 21].

Ranibizumab has also shown consistent results for macular edema. Patients treated with Ranibizumab demonstrated significant gains in BCVA (mean change of 16.18 and 8.10 over 6 months) 22, and a high percentage of patients achieved a gain of at least 15 letters 22. Additionally, Ranibizumab was associated with improved patient-reported outcomes in the NEI-VFQ-25 composite scores 9.

Faricimab demonstrated consistent results across multiple trials, showing mean BCVA improvements of approximately 16.9 to 17.5 letters at week 24 [7, 8], with over 50% of participants gaining at least 15 letters in BCVA [7, 8].

Corticosteroid treatments provided varying results for macular edema. Dexamethasone implants showed significant reductions in central subfield thickness at 12 weeks 10 and substantial reductions in CRT (mean -120.3 to -209.5) 16, though the percentage of patients achieving a gain of $\geq$15 letters was lower compared to some anti-VEGF agents [16, 19]. A dexamethasone implant also showed that approximately 55.9% to 64.5% of participants achieved a gain of 15 or more letters in BCVA 3. Periocular triamcinolone 40 mg significantly reduced macular thickness at 8 weeks 6.

For the clinician treating this condition

  • Anti-VEGF agents such as Aflibercept, Ranibizumab, and Faricimab are established treatments for macular edema, with consistent improvements in both BCVA and anatomical measures like central retinal thickness.
  • Dexamethasone implants and periocular triamcinolone provide significant reductions in macular thickness, though clinical gains in BCVA may vary compared to anti-VEGF therapies.
  • Faricimab showed consistent BCVA improvement of approximately 17 letters at week 24 across multiple study cohorts.

AI synthesis of 8 cited trials, updated Jun 29, 2026. Informational only — not medical advice; trial data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. How we use AI.

HCP Mode — summaries include clinical detail, trial data, and statistical outcomes.
Patient Mode — summaries use plain language, avoiding clinical jargon.
Retrospective study links systemic BP control to better visual outcomes with conbercept for RVO-related macular edema
Dermatology Cohort
Retrospective study links systemic BP control to better visual outcomes with conbercept for RVO-related macular edema Your Blood Pressure May Decide How Well Eye Injections Work
A retrospective cohort study of 76 hypertensive patients with macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion found that those with contro…
If you need eye injections for fluid swelling behind the retina, keeping your blood pressure in check could decide how much vision you get b…
Frontiers Apr 13, 2026

Research across Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Related studies from across the Age-Related Macular Degeneration family.

CFH Y402H and ARMS2 A69S polymorphisms are associated with increased risk of age-related macular degeneration
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CFH Y402H and ARMS2 A69S polymorphisms are associated with increased risk of age-related macular degeneration Specific genes linked to higher risk of age related macular degeneration
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New research identifies two specific genetic variations that significantly increase the risk of developing age-related macular degeneration.
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Aflibercept 8 mg at extended intervals yields comparable outcomes to 2 mg regardless of severity
Ophthalmology RCT
Aflibercept 8 mg at extended intervals yields comparable outcomes to 2 mg regardless of severity Higher doses of aflibercept show similar results for macular degeneration
This post hoc descriptive subgroup analysis of a randomized controlled trial involving 869 treatment-naže patients with neovascular age-rela…
A higher dose of aflibercept may offer the same vision benefits as lower doses for patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneratio…
Jul 5, 2026
Migraine patients may have an increased risk of neovascular age-related macular degeneration
Neurology Sys. Review
Migraine patients may have an increased risk of neovascular age-related macular degeneration Migraine patients may face higher risk of certain eye conditions
This narrative review examines the association between migraine and various retinal conditions, including retinal migraine and AMD. The auth…
New research highlights a link between migraines and age-related macular degeneration, potentially impacting long-term vision for many suffe…
Frontiers Jul 3, 2026
One-off 16 Gray stereotactic radiotherapy reduces anti-VEGF injections but results in worse visual acuity
Oncology RCT
One-off 16 Gray stereotactic radiotherapy reduces anti-VEGF injections but results in worse visual acuity Radiation for wet AMD cuts injections but harms vision
This randomized controlled trial of 411 patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration found that one-off 16 Gray stereotactic r…
A single dose of radiation reduced the number of eye injections needed for wet AMD, but patients ended up with worse vision after four years…
Jun 20, 2026
Age, smoking, and systemic factors are associated with increased risk of age-related macular degeneration
Ophthalmology Meta-analysis
Age, smoking, and systemic factors are associated with increased risk of age-related macular degeneration Risk Factors Linked to Age-Related Macular Degeneration
This umbrella review synthesizes epidemiological evidence regarding 53 distinct risk factors for age-related macular degeneration. The analy…
New research identifies how lifestyle factors like smoking, diet, and high blood pressure may link to age-related macular degeneration.
Frontiers Jun 18, 2026
Deep learning algorithms outperform ophthalmologists in detecting AMD and differentiating wet from dry cases
Ophthalmology Meta-analysis
Deep learning algorithms outperform ophthalmologists in detecting AMD and differentiating wet from dry cases Deep learning algorithms outperform doctors in detecting age-related macular degeneration
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the diagnostic performance of deep learning (DL) algorithms for identifying age-related m…
New data shows deep learning tools can identify eye diseases with higher accuracy than senior specialists, offering a powerful new way to sc…
Jun 16, 2026
FDA Approves Pavblu (aflibercept) for Neovascular AMD, RVO, DME, and DR
Ophthalmology FDA Approval
FDA Approves Pavblu (aflibercept) for Neovascular AMD, RVO, DME, and DR FDA approves Pavblu to treat several eye conditions that cause vision loss.
The FDA approved Pavblu (aflibercept) for neovascular AMD, macular edema following RVO, DME, and DR. It is a VEGF inhibitor administered by …
The FDA approved Pavblu (aflibercept) for wet age-related macular degeneration, macular edema, diabetic macular edema, and diabetic retinopa…
FDA May 5, 2026
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Associated with Higher Odds of Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Ophthalmology Meta-analysis
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Associated with Higher Odds of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Large study links obstructive sleep apnea to higher risk of age-related macular degeneration
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 3,536,314 adults found that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was associated with higher odds of age-re…
A massive analysis of over 3.5 million people suggests obstructive sleep apnea is linked to a higher risk of age-related macular degeneratio…
May 1, 2026
Systematic review and meta-analysis shows aflibercept biosimilars match reference drug efficacy and safety in AMD and DME
Ophthalmology Meta-analysis
Systematic review and meta-analysis shows aflibercept biosimilars match reference drug efficacy and safety in AMD and DME Aflibercept biosimilars match the original drug for eye disease treatment
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated aflibercept biosimilars versus reference aflibercept for neovascular age-related macular …
A large review of 4064 patients found that aflibercept biosimilars work just as well as the original drug for two common eye conditions.
May 1, 2026
AI-based fluid volume quantification predicts visual acuity in neovascular AMD better than CST
Ophthalmology RCT
AI-based fluid volume quantification predicts visual acuity in neovascular AMD better than CST AI fluid measurements better predict vision loss than thickness in AMD
This randomized phase III trial in 290 eyes with neovascular AMD found that AI-based quantification of intraretinal and subretinal fluid vol…
AI-based fluid volume tracking explains more vision changes than standard thickness measurements in macular degeneration patients.
May 1, 2026
Systematic review finds radiotherapy combined with anti-VEGF therapy increases risk of vision loss compared to anti-VEGF monotherapy in nAMD
Ophthalmology Meta-analysis
Systematic review finds radiotherapy combined with anti-VEGF therapy increases risk of vision loss compared to anti-VEGF monotherapy in nAMD Radiotherapy plus anti-VEGF therapy increases vision loss risk for nAMD
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated radiotherapy combined with anti-VEGF therapy versus anti-VEGF monotherapy for neovascular…
Adding radiotherapy to anti-VEGF treatment for wet macular degeneration was linked to a higher risk of vision loss compared to anti-VEGF alo…
May 1, 2026
Systematic review and meta-analysis finds no significant association between diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration
Diabetes & Endocrinology Meta-analysis
Systematic review and meta-analysis finds no significant association between diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration Diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration show no significant link
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the association between diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration.
A meta-analysis found no significant relationship between diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration, though existing data ha…
May 1, 2026