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Home › Conditions › Encephalitis

Encephalitis

Subtypes of Encephalitis

Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis 2 Limbic encephalitis 1

7 published articles · Updated continuously

Clinical Trial Landscape

Clinical Trials for Encephalitis

10 trials tracked for Encephalitis: 7 in phase 3 or 4 and 1 with published results. The most-cited published study has 9 citations.

10Trials tracked
7Phase 3 & 4
0Recruiting
1With published results
Phase distribution
Phase 4 1 Phase 3 6 Phase 2 1 Other / NA 2
  1. Phase 4 Immunogenicity of a Live Attenuated Chimeric JE Vaccine (IMOJEV) as a Booster Dose in Thai Children Primed With CD.JEVAX Completed · 9 cited
  2. Phase 3 Long-term Follow-up of Immunogenicity of a Single Dose of Japanese Encephalitis Chimeric Virus Vaccine (JE-CV) in Toddlers Completed
  3. Phase 3 Safety Study of ChimeriVax™-JE Vaccine to Prevent Japanese Encephalitis. Completed
  4. Phase 3 Safety and Immunogenicity of the Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine IC51 (IXIARO®) in a Pediatric Population Completed
  5. Phase 3 A Study of Japanese Encephalitis Chimeric Virus Vaccine Compared With SA14-14-2 Vaccine in Infants and Toddlers Completed
  6. Phase 3 Immunogenicity and Safety of the Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine IC51 (IXIARO®, JESPECT®) in a Pediatric Population in Non-endemic Countries Completed
Show 4 more trials
  1. Phase 3 Long Term Treatment of Herpes Simplex Encephalitis (HSE) With Valacyclovir Completed
  2. Phase 2 A Study of ChimeriVax™-JE Live Attenuated Vaccine in Healthy Adults Completed
  3. N/A Precision Diagnosis of Acute Infectious Diseases; Neuroinflammatory Cohort Completed
  4. N/A tDCS and Cognition in Adults With Multiple Sclerosis or Encephalitis Completed

Showing the 10 most-cited and recently-updated of 10 trials. Browse the full registry →

Trial data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. Counts describe the research landscape and are not a treatment recommendation. Informational only — not medical advice.

What the trials found For clinicians

Encephalitis: what the trials found

Multiple trials evaluated Japanese Encephalitis (JE) vaccines, demonstrating high rates of seroprotection and immunogenicity. The live attenuated chimeric JE vaccine showed a geometric mean titer of 9144 at 28 days post-vaccination with 100% of participants achieving seroprotection 1. Similarly, the JE-CV vaccine demonstrated seroprotection rates ranging from 87.6% to 100.0% following a single dose 2.

The IC51 Japanese Encephalitis vaccine showed high seroconversion rates (SCR) at Day 56 and Month 7, reaching up to 100.0% in various cohorts 4. Safety data for IC51 indicated that the rate of serious or medically attended adverse events did not differ significantly between study groups (p=0.641) 4. Other vaccines, including ChimeriVax-JE 6 and a live vaccine (SA14-14-2), were also evaluated in clinical trials for JE protection.

In the treatment of encephalitis, Valacyclovir was evaluated for neuropsychological outcomes. Patients receiving 2.0 grams orally three times daily for 90 days showed survival with no or mild neuropsychological impairment at 12 months (62%) compared to those not receiving the intervention (5%) 7. The median number of reported adverse events for Valacyclovir was consistently low across study groups (8.5, 8, and 8 respectively) 7.

Recent results — preliminary, needs further review

  • mNGS for pathogen detection in encephalitis cases is currently under investigation but not yet corroborated 9.
  • Sham transcranial direct current stimulation for fatigue and cognition in this context has not been corroborated 10.

For the clinician treating this condition

  • Several JE vaccines (including IC51, JE-CV, and live attenuated chimeric versions) demonstrate high seroprotection rates following administration.
  • Valacyclovir at 2.0g TID for 90 days was associated with significantly higher rates of favorable neuropsychological outcomes at 12 months compared to controls 7.
  • Safety profiles for the evaluated JE vaccines, including IC51, showed no statistically significant difference in serious adverse events between groups 4.

AI synthesis of 7 cited trials, updated Jun 28, 2026. Informational only — not medical advice; trial data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. How we use AI.

HCP Mode — summaries include clinical detail, trial data, and statistical outcomes.
Patient Mode — summaries use plain language, avoiding clinical jargon.
MR relaxometry identifies temporomesial abnormalities in systemic sclerosis with limbic encephalitis not seen on standard imaging
Radiology & Imaging Guideline
MR relaxometry identifies temporomesial abnormalities in systemic sclerosis with limbic encephalitis not seen on standard imaging Advanced imaging reveals hidden brain changes in systemic sclerosis patients
This case report describes a 58-year-old man with systemic sclerosis and limbic encephalitis. Multimodal imaging, specifically MR relaxometr…
New imaging techniques may uncover brain changes that standard scans miss in patients with systemic sclerosis.
Frontiers Oct 6, 2026
Corticosteroid exposure was associated with catatonia in two adolescent girls with encephalitis
Psychiatry Sys. Review
Corticosteroid exposure was associated with catatonia in two adolescent girls with encephalitis Corticosteroids Linked to Catatonia in Two Teen Girls
This case report describes two adolescent girls who developed catatonia following corticosteroid therapy for encephalitis. The report notes …
Two teen girls developed catatonia after corticosteroid treatment, but recovered with care. A rare but important side effect to know.
Frontiers Sep 3, 2026
Review of Hepatitis E Virus Associated Neurological Injury Syndromes
Infectious Disease Sys. Review
Review of Hepatitis E Virus Associated Neurological Injury Syndromes Hepatitis E virus may be linked to several rare neurological conditions
This review examines the association between Hepatitis E virus (HEV) exposure and specific neurological conditions, including Guillain–Barré…
A review suggests Hepatitis E virus might connect to rare neurological issues like Guillain–Barré syndrome, though more research is needed t…
Frontiers Apr 22, 2026
Surveillance report describes influenza-associated encephalopathy or encephalitis in US children
Pediatrics
Surveillance report describes influenza-associated encephalopathy or encephalitis in US children What happens when the flu affects a child's brain? A new report describes cases
A US surveillance report describes cases of influenza-associated encephalopathy or encephalitis in children.
A new report describes cases where the flu virus affected children's brains, causing inflammation of the nervous system during recent flu se…
CDC Apr 4, 2026
Case report tracks urinary ADEV GluN1 levels in anti-NMDAR encephalitis patient during treatment
Neurology
Case report tracks urinary ADEV GluN1 levels in anti-NMDAR encephalitis patient during treatment Single case study tracks brain inflammation marker in urine during treatment
A case report of a single female patient with anti-NMDAR encephalitis analyzed urinary astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (ADEVs).
Urine tests tracked brain inflammation changes in a patient with anti-NMDAR encephalitis, showing protein levels dropped over treatment and …
medRxiv Apr 4, 2026
Immunocompromised herpes zoster patients with CNS infection show higher encephalitis incidence and worse prognosis
Urology Cohort
Immunocompromised herpes zoster patients with CNS infection show higher encephalitis incidence and worse prognosis For shingles patients with brain infections, does a weakened immune system make things worse?
A retrospective cohort study of 166 herpes zoster patients with VZV-associated CNS infection found immunocompromised patients had significan…
Shingles patients with weakened immune systems face higher risks of severe brain inflammation and worse outcomes when treatment is delayed.
Frontiers Apr 3, 2026
Pilot study finds cytokine differences between anti-NMDAR and viral encephalitis
Allergy & Immunology Cohort
Pilot study finds cytokine differences between anti-NMDAR and viral encephalitis Could a simple blood test help tell two dangerous brain inflammations apart?
A retrospective pilot cohort of 45 patients found significant alterations in CSF/serum albumin ratio, IL-4, and IL-17A levels between anti-N…
A simple blood test might help doctors quickly tell apart two dangerous brain inflammations by spotting unique protein patterns in patients.
Frontiers Apr 3, 2026

Questions about Encephalitis

Can influenza infection lead to encephalopathy or encephalitis in young children?

Yes, influenza infection can lead to encephalopathy or encephalitis in young children, a condition tracked by health officials during flu seasons.

Full answer →
Do immunocompromised patients with herpes zoster have a higher risk of encephalitis?

Immunocompromised patients with herpes zoster have a significantly higher risk of developing encephalitis compared to those with normal immune systems.

Full answer →