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Home › Conditions › Glaucoma

Glaucoma

Subtypes of Glaucoma

Open-angle glaucoma 11 Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma 4 Normal-tension glaucoma 3 Neovascular glaucoma 1 Primary congenital glaucoma 1

48 published articles · Updated continuously

Clinical Trial Landscape

Clinical Trials for Glaucoma

157 trials tracked for Glaucoma: 68 in phase 3 or 4 and 7 with published results. The most-cited published study has 322 citations.

157Trials tracked
68Phase 3 & 4
0Recruiting
7With published results
Phase distribution
Phase 4 45 Phase 3 23 Phase 2 13 Phase 1 5 Other / NA 71
  1. Phase 4 Primary Tube Versus Trabeculectomy Study Completed · 322 cited
  2. Phase 3 Long-Term Safety of Latanoprostene Bunod Ophthalmic Solution 0.024% in Japanese Subjects With OAG or OHT Completed · 80 cited
  3. Phase 4 XEN-45 Gel Stent Versus Trabeculectomy in Glaucoma: Gold-Standard Pathway Study (GPS) Completed · 52 cited
  4. Phase 3 A Comparison of Bimatoprost SR to Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty in Patients With Open-Angle Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Completed · 26 cited
  5. Phase 4 Glaucoma Biomarkers Completed · 17 cited
  6. Phase 3 Will the Use of Triesence During Glaucoma Surgery Provide Lower Eye Pressure and Improve the Results of the Surgery? Completed · 10 cited
Show 44 more trials
  1. Phase 4 How Similar Are Changes to the Surface of the Eye When Two Different Glaucoma Eye Drops Are Used? Completed · 9 cited
  2. Phase 4 Steroids After Laser Trabeculoplasty for Glaucoma Completed
  3. Phase 4 COSOPT-S® Treatment Versus Acetazolamide Before Trabeculectomy Completed
  4. Phase 4 Effect of Myocilin Genetic Variants on Intraocular Pressure and Pressure Variation in Sitting and Supine Positions Completed
  5. Phase 4 24-hr Intraocular Pressure Control With SIMBRINZA ® Completed
  6. Phase 4 Long-Term Safety of Bimatoprost Ophthalmic Solution in Patients With Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Completed
  7. Phase 4 Comparison of Combigan Two Times Daily (BID) Versus Simbrinza Three Times Daily (TID) Completed
  8. Phase 4 Additive Effect of Twice-daily Brinzolamide 1%/Brimonidine 0.2%Combination as an Adjunctive Therapy to Travoprost in Patients With Normal Tension Glaucoma Completed
  9. Phase 4 Use of Bevacizumab in Trabeculectomy Surgery Completed
  10. Phase 4 Rocklatan® Evaluation Completed
  11. Phase 4 Comparison of Visual Field Assessments Between Three Perimeters Completed
  12. Phase 4 Safety and Efficacy of Bimatoprost Compared With Latanoprost in Patients With Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Completed
  13. Phase 4 Effects of Travatan Z and Xalatan on Ocular Surface Health Completed
  14. Phase 4 Assessing the Efficacy and Tolerability of AZARGA® (Brinzolamide 1%/Timolol 0.5% Fixed Combination) as Replacement Therapy in Patients on Brimonidine 0.2%/Timolol 0.5% Fixed Combination Therapy (COMBIGAN®) in Latin America Completed
  15. Phase 4 24-hour IOP-lowering Effect of 0.01% Bimatoprost Completed
  16. Phase 4 Safety, Efficacy Assessment of Geltim LP® 1 mg/g in Ocular Hypertensive or Glaucomatous Patients. Completed
  17. Phase 4 12-Month Stability of Diurnal IOP Control on Cosopt Completed
  18. Phase 4 The Effects of Xalatan, Travatan and Lumigan on Skin Pigmentation Near the Eye Completed
  19. Phase 4 An Efficacy and Safety Study of Bimatoprost 0.01% Alone Compared With Travoprost 0.004% and Timolol 0.5% in Subjects With Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Completed
  20. Phase 4 Effect of Age on Latanoprost 0.005% in Patients With Glaucoma Completed
  21. Phase 4 Efficacy and Tolerability of AZARGA® as Replacement Therapy in Patients on COMBIGAN® Therapy in Canada Completed
  22. Phase 4 Efficacy and Safety of Travoprost 0.004% Versus Tafluprost 0.0015% in Patients With Primary Open-angle Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Completed
  23. Phase 4 An Evaluation of the Fixed Combination Brimonidine Tartrate 0.2%/ Timolol Maleate 0.5% to Latanoprost 0.005% in Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Subjects Completed
  24. Phase 4 An Efficacy and Tolerability Study of TRAVATAN® Versus LUMIGAN® Completed
  25. Phase 4 Comparing Effects of Two Fixed Combinations Ophthalmic Solutions on Ocular Blood Flow Completed
  26. Phase 4 Circadian Ocular Perfusion Pressure and Ocular Blood Flow Completed
  27. Phase 4 Effect of Nitrous Oxide (N2O) on Intraocular Pressure in Healthy Volunteers Completed
  28. Phase 4 Safety and Efficacy of Adding AZARGA® Adjunctive to Prostaglandin Therapy Completed
  29. Phase 4 Safety and Efficacy of Changing to DuoTrav in Patients Uncontrolled on Timolol Completed
  30. Phase 4 Travatan Versus Timoptic in Treating Open-angle Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Completed
  31. Phase 4 A Comparison of Azopt Versus Placebo Added to Xalatan in Patients With Elevated Intraocular Pressure (IOP) on a Prostaglandin Completed
  32. Phase 4 A Phase IV Study of Travoprost + Brinzolamide to Treat Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Completed
  33. Phase 4 Pilot Study on the Use of Artificial Tears to Treat Dry Eye in Glaucoma Patients Completed
  34. Phase 4 Earlier Intraocular Pressure Control After Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Implantation for Glaucoma Completed
  35. Phase 4 AZARGA Transition Study in Taiwan for Patients With Uncontrolled Intraocular Pressure Completed
  36. Phase 4 A Comparison of Three Different Formulations of Prednisolone Acetate 1% Completed
  37. Phase 4 Assessment of Intraocular Pressure (IOP) Control in Subjects With Open-Angle Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Treated With Travoprost 0.004% (TRAVATAN® Z) or Bimatoprost 0.01% (LUMIGAN®) Completed
  38. Phase 4 A Safety and Efficacy Study of ALPHAGAN® P and LUMIGAN® in Subjects Previously Treated With Latanoprost for Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension Completed
  39. Phase 4 Efficacy and Safety Study of Bimatoprost 0.01% Alone Compared With Travoprost 0.004% and Timolol 0.5% in Subjects With Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Completed
  40. Phase 4 Bimatoprost 0.03% Versus Travoprost 0.004% in Patients Currently on Latanoprost 0.005% Completed
  41. Phase 4 Comparing Safety and Efficacy of Combigan® and Lumigan® With Lumigan® Alone in Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Subjects Treated With Xalatan® Completed
  42. Phase 4 Comparing Efficacy and Safety of Combigan With Timolol Adjunctive to Xalatan in Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Subjects Completed
  43. Phase 3 Study of Netarsudil (AR-13324) Ophthalmic Solution in Patients With Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Completed
  44. Phase 3 Bioequivalence Study With Clinical Endpoint Comparing Brinzolamide 1% Ophthalmic Suspension to Azopt® 1% Ophthalmic Suspension In the Treatment of Chronic Open Angle Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension in Both Eyes Completed

Showing the 50 most-cited and recently-updated of 157 trials. Browse the full registry →

Trial data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. Counts describe the research landscape and are not a treatment recommendation. Informational only — not medical advice.

What the trials found Updated — new results For clinicians

Glaucoma: what the trials found

Several fixed-dose combinations and individual agents have been evaluated for intraocular pressure (IOP) management. Netarsudil/latanoprost combination showed mean reductions in IOP of 15.7% to 21.2% at week 12 8. Brinzolamide/brimonidine tartrate suspension demonstrated significant reductions in IOP across various time points throughout the day 13, while Cosopt (dorzolamide/timolol) and Combigan were also utilized in established clinical contexts [14, 11, 22].

The impact of various treatments on ocular surface health and side effects is documented. Bimatoprost 0.01% was associated with a 33.3% to 37.7% rate of treatment-related ocular surface adverse events 12, while Travoprost showed varying rates of ocular hyperemia and corneal staining over time 20. Xalatan was associated with significant changes in Tear Break up Time (TBUT) 7. Additionally, periocular skin hyperpigmentation was not significantly different across latanoprost, bimatoprost, and travoprost treatments over a one-year period 17.

Surgical and adjunctive interventions also contribute to management. Trabeculectomy with preoperative Diamox/DexaEDO treatment resulted in mean IOP changes of 8.12 to 8.30 three months post-procedure 16. Bevacizumab was shown to result in significant reductions in intraocular pressure 9.

Individual variability in physiological responses is established; studies showed significant variations between individuals regarding eye pressure response to timolol and latanoprost, as well as differences in aqueous flow and episcleral venous pressure 6.

Recent results — preliminary, needs further review

  • T4090 0.2% showed mean diurnal IOP reductions of -4.6 to -5.07 (p=0.376) 2.
  • A comparison between Baerveldt 350 and Ahmed ClearPath 250 tube shunt implantations was conducted 3.
  • XEN-45 Gel Stent showed a mean reduction in IOP of approximately 9% to 13.6% over 12 months (p<0.001) 5.

For the clinician treating this condition

  • Fixed combinations like Netarsudil/latanoprost and Brinzolamide/brimonidine provide measurable reductions in IOP [8, 13].
  • Clinical management must account for significant individual variability in aqueous flow and pressure responses to standard medications like timolol and latanoprost 6.
  • Long-term monitoring of the ocular surface is relevant as treatments such as bimatoprost can lead to reported adverse events [12, 20].

AI synthesis of 12 cited trials, updated Jun 23, 2026. Informational only — not medical advice; trial data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. How we use AI.

HCP Mode — summaries include clinical detail, trial data, and statistical outcomes.
Patient Mode — summaries use plain language, avoiding clinical jargon.
Integrated care combining antiangiogenic bridging and ischemia-directed therapies supports long-term success in neovascular glaucoma management
Rheumatology Sys. Review
Integrated care combining antiangiogenic bridging and ischemia-directed therapies supports long-term success in neovascular glaucoma management Integrated care offers long-term success for neovascular glaucoma
This narrative review addresses neovascular glaucoma management in patients with retinal ischemia. The authors argue that long-term success …
A review suggests combining antiangiogenic bridging with ischemia management and surgery may help patients with neovascular glaucoma achieve…
Frontiers May 29, 2026
Review of glaucoma management without reported intervention details or outcomes
Neurology Sys. Review
Review of glaucoma management without reported intervention details or outcomes Review finds no clear best treatment for glaucoma
This narrative review addresses glaucoma management but does not report specific interventions, comparators, or outcomes. The authors provid…
A review of glaucoma treatments found no single approach is clearly best. What this means for patients.
Frontiers May 28, 2026
Netarsudil shows lower IOP reduction but better conjunctival hyperemia profile versus prostaglandin analogues
Ophthalmology Meta-analysis
Netarsudil shows lower IOP reduction but better conjunctival hyperemia profile versus prostaglandin analogues New data shows netarsudil offers a safer option for some glaucoma patients
A Bayesian network meta-analysis found netarsudil ranked lower for IOP reduction but had a more favorable conjunctival hyperemia profile com…
A fresh look at glaucoma drugs shows one option causes less redness while still helping lower eye pressure effectively.
May 14, 2026
Meta-analysis of tafluprost-timolol fixed-dose combination for open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension
Ophthalmology Meta-analysis
Meta-analysis of tafluprost-timolol fixed-dose combination for open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension Tafluprost-timolol drops lower eye pressure than switching to single drugs
This meta-analysis evaluated the tafluprost-timolol fixed-dose combination versus a monotherapy switch group in patients with open-angle gla…
A meta-analysis of 2066 patients found that fixed-dose tafluprost-timolol lowered eye pressure more than switching to monotherapy, with mini…
May 1, 2026
Motivational Interviewing Workshop Improves Communication Skills in Ophthalmology Residents
Ophthalmology RCT
Motivational Interviewing Workshop Improves Communication Skills in Ophthalmology Residents Motivational Interviewing Workshop Boosts Glaucoma Counseling Skills
This pilot RCT with 20 ophthalmology residents found that a 1-hour Motivational Interviewing workshop improved standardized patient encounte…
A simple one-hour class helps doctors talk to glaucoma patients in ways that actually change behavior and improve medication use.
May 1, 2026
Perioperative taVNS Reduces Pain and Insomnia After Glaucoma Surgery
Ophthalmology RCT
Perioperative taVNS Reduces Pain and Insomnia After Glaucoma Surgery Vagus nerve stimulation lowers pain after glaucoma surgery
This randomized trial of 94 patients undergoing glaucoma surgery found that perioperative transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (…
A trial found that vagus nerve stimulation reduced pain and improved sleep for patients having glaucoma surgery under general anesthesia.
Apr 29, 2026
Retrospective review links higher TAPE score to better SLT outcomes in glaucoma
Ophthalmology
Retrospective review links higher TAPE score to better SLT outcomes in glaucoma New laser settings help lower eye pressure for years without extra drops
This retrospective review of 62 eyes undergoing lower-energy SLT found that higher TAPE scores were associated with lower IOP at 2 months an…
A new way to tune laser energy for glaucoma could keep pressure low for years while avoiding the need for daily eye drops.
medRxiv Apr 29, 2026
Micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation showed less pain and inflammation than continuous-wave in refractory glaucoma patients
Ophthalmology RCT
Micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation showed less pain and inflammation than continuous-wave in refractory glaucoma patients New laser option for hard-to-treat glaucoma cuts pain and swelling
This prospective, randomized, single-blind study enrolled 52 patients with refractory glaucoma.
A gentler laser lowers eye pressure as well as older methods but causes less pain and swelling.
Apr 28, 2026
Review of portable visual field devices shows higher patient preference over table-mounted analyzers in rural glaucoma care
Ophthalmology
Review of portable visual field devices shows higher patient preference over table-mounted analyzers in rural glaucoma care Portable eye tests beat old machines for rural patients
This mixed methods review analyzed patient preferences among 271 respondents at three Alabama Federally Qualified Health Centers.
Rural patients with glaucoma preferred portable virtual reality eye tests over traditional machines, reporting higher satisfaction and comfo…
medRxiv Apr 26, 2026
Polygenic risk score enrichment reduces sample size needs for coronary artery disease and inflammatory bowel disease trials
Genetics & Precision Medicine Cohort
Polygenic risk score enrichment reduces sample size needs for coronary artery disease and inflammatory bowel disease trials Smarter trial designs could cut study sizes by 60% for heart disease
This in silico observational cohort study used UK Biobank data to model trial designs enriched for polygenic risk.
Using genetic risk scores to pick high-risk volunteers could shrink trial sizes by 60% for heart disease and 78% for IBD, speeding up resear…
medRxiv Apr 23, 2026
Bleb Wall Thickness Not Associated With Secondary Interventions After Preserflo MicroShunt Implantation
Rheumatology Cohort
Bleb Wall Thickness Not Associated With Secondary Interventions After Preserflo MicroShunt Implantation Early bleb scans do not predict future surgery needs in glaucoma
This observational cohort study evaluated 23 open-angle glaucoma patients undergoing Preserflo MicroShunt implantation.
Early bleb measurements after glaucoma surgery do not predict which patients will need additional treatment procedures later.
Frontiers Apr 23, 2026
Preclinical study tests AI pipeline for glaucoma detection using Harvard dataset
Ophthalmology
Preclinical study tests AI pipeline for glaucoma detection using Harvard dataset New AI System Catches Glaucoma Cases That Other Tools Miss
This preclinical study evaluated a two-tier AI diagnostic pipeline for glaucoma using the Harvard Glaucoma Detection and Progression dataset…
This approach may help doctors spot glaucoma earlier by using AI to double-check its own uncertain findings.
medRxiv Apr 23, 2026