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Home › Conditions › Glaucoma

Glaucoma

Subtypes of Glaucoma

Open-angle glaucoma 11 Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma 4 Normal-tension glaucoma 3 Neovascular glaucoma 1 Primary congenital glaucoma 1

48 published articles · Updated continuously

Clinical Trial Landscape

Clinical Trials for Glaucoma

157 trials tracked for Glaucoma: 68 in phase 3 or 4 and 7 with published results. The most-cited published study has 322 citations.

157Trials tracked
68Phase 3 & 4
0Recruiting
7With published results
Phase distribution
Phase 4 45 Phase 3 23 Phase 2 13 Phase 1 5 Other / NA 71
  1. Phase 4 Primary Tube Versus Trabeculectomy Study Completed · 322 cited
  2. Phase 3 Long-Term Safety of Latanoprostene Bunod Ophthalmic Solution 0.024% in Japanese Subjects With OAG or OHT Completed · 80 cited
  3. Phase 4 XEN-45 Gel Stent Versus Trabeculectomy in Glaucoma: Gold-Standard Pathway Study (GPS) Completed · 52 cited
  4. Phase 3 A Comparison of Bimatoprost SR to Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty in Patients With Open-Angle Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Completed · 26 cited
  5. Phase 4 Glaucoma Biomarkers Completed · 17 cited
  6. Phase 3 Will the Use of Triesence During Glaucoma Surgery Provide Lower Eye Pressure and Improve the Results of the Surgery? Completed · 10 cited
Show 44 more trials
  1. Phase 4 How Similar Are Changes to the Surface of the Eye When Two Different Glaucoma Eye Drops Are Used? Completed · 9 cited
  2. Phase 4 Steroids After Laser Trabeculoplasty for Glaucoma Completed
  3. Phase 4 COSOPT-S® Treatment Versus Acetazolamide Before Trabeculectomy Completed
  4. Phase 4 Effect of Myocilin Genetic Variants on Intraocular Pressure and Pressure Variation in Sitting and Supine Positions Completed
  5. Phase 4 24-hr Intraocular Pressure Control With SIMBRINZA ® Completed
  6. Phase 4 Long-Term Safety of Bimatoprost Ophthalmic Solution in Patients With Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Completed
  7. Phase 4 Comparison of Combigan Two Times Daily (BID) Versus Simbrinza Three Times Daily (TID) Completed
  8. Phase 4 Additive Effect of Twice-daily Brinzolamide 1%/Brimonidine 0.2%Combination as an Adjunctive Therapy to Travoprost in Patients With Normal Tension Glaucoma Completed
  9. Phase 4 Use of Bevacizumab in Trabeculectomy Surgery Completed
  10. Phase 4 Rocklatan® Evaluation Completed
  11. Phase 4 Comparison of Visual Field Assessments Between Three Perimeters Completed
  12. Phase 4 Safety and Efficacy of Bimatoprost Compared With Latanoprost in Patients With Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Completed
  13. Phase 4 Effects of Travatan Z and Xalatan on Ocular Surface Health Completed
  14. Phase 4 Assessing the Efficacy and Tolerability of AZARGA® (Brinzolamide 1%/Timolol 0.5% Fixed Combination) as Replacement Therapy in Patients on Brimonidine 0.2%/Timolol 0.5% Fixed Combination Therapy (COMBIGAN®) in Latin America Completed
  15. Phase 4 24-hour IOP-lowering Effect of 0.01% Bimatoprost Completed
  16. Phase 4 Safety, Efficacy Assessment of Geltim LP® 1 mg/g in Ocular Hypertensive or Glaucomatous Patients. Completed
  17. Phase 4 12-Month Stability of Diurnal IOP Control on Cosopt Completed
  18. Phase 4 The Effects of Xalatan, Travatan and Lumigan on Skin Pigmentation Near the Eye Completed
  19. Phase 4 An Efficacy and Safety Study of Bimatoprost 0.01% Alone Compared With Travoprost 0.004% and Timolol 0.5% in Subjects With Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Completed
  20. Phase 4 Effect of Age on Latanoprost 0.005% in Patients With Glaucoma Completed
  21. Phase 4 Efficacy and Tolerability of AZARGA® as Replacement Therapy in Patients on COMBIGAN® Therapy in Canada Completed
  22. Phase 4 Efficacy and Safety of Travoprost 0.004% Versus Tafluprost 0.0015% in Patients With Primary Open-angle Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Completed
  23. Phase 4 An Evaluation of the Fixed Combination Brimonidine Tartrate 0.2%/ Timolol Maleate 0.5% to Latanoprost 0.005% in Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Subjects Completed
  24. Phase 4 An Efficacy and Tolerability Study of TRAVATAN® Versus LUMIGAN® Completed
  25. Phase 4 Comparing Effects of Two Fixed Combinations Ophthalmic Solutions on Ocular Blood Flow Completed
  26. Phase 4 Circadian Ocular Perfusion Pressure and Ocular Blood Flow Completed
  27. Phase 4 Effect of Nitrous Oxide (N2O) on Intraocular Pressure in Healthy Volunteers Completed
  28. Phase 4 Safety and Efficacy of Adding AZARGA® Adjunctive to Prostaglandin Therapy Completed
  29. Phase 4 Safety and Efficacy of Changing to DuoTrav in Patients Uncontrolled on Timolol Completed
  30. Phase 4 Travatan Versus Timoptic in Treating Open-angle Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Completed
  31. Phase 4 A Comparison of Azopt Versus Placebo Added to Xalatan in Patients With Elevated Intraocular Pressure (IOP) on a Prostaglandin Completed
  32. Phase 4 A Phase IV Study of Travoprost + Brinzolamide to Treat Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Completed
  33. Phase 4 Pilot Study on the Use of Artificial Tears to Treat Dry Eye in Glaucoma Patients Completed
  34. Phase 4 Earlier Intraocular Pressure Control After Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Implantation for Glaucoma Completed
  35. Phase 4 AZARGA Transition Study in Taiwan for Patients With Uncontrolled Intraocular Pressure Completed
  36. Phase 4 A Comparison of Three Different Formulations of Prednisolone Acetate 1% Completed
  37. Phase 4 Assessment of Intraocular Pressure (IOP) Control in Subjects With Open-Angle Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Treated With Travoprost 0.004% (TRAVATAN® Z) or Bimatoprost 0.01% (LUMIGAN®) Completed
  38. Phase 4 A Safety and Efficacy Study of ALPHAGAN® P and LUMIGAN® in Subjects Previously Treated With Latanoprost for Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension Completed
  39. Phase 4 Efficacy and Safety Study of Bimatoprost 0.01% Alone Compared With Travoprost 0.004% and Timolol 0.5% in Subjects With Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Completed
  40. Phase 4 Bimatoprost 0.03% Versus Travoprost 0.004% in Patients Currently on Latanoprost 0.005% Completed
  41. Phase 4 Comparing Safety and Efficacy of Combigan® and Lumigan® With Lumigan® Alone in Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Subjects Treated With Xalatan® Completed
  42. Phase 4 Comparing Efficacy and Safety of Combigan With Timolol Adjunctive to Xalatan in Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Subjects Completed
  43. Phase 3 Study of Netarsudil (AR-13324) Ophthalmic Solution in Patients With Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension Completed
  44. Phase 3 Bioequivalence Study With Clinical Endpoint Comparing Brinzolamide 1% Ophthalmic Suspension to Azopt® 1% Ophthalmic Suspension In the Treatment of Chronic Open Angle Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension in Both Eyes Completed

Showing the 50 most-cited and recently-updated of 157 trials. Browse the full registry →

Trial data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. Counts describe the research landscape and are not a treatment recommendation. Informational only — not medical advice.

What the trials found Updated — new results For clinicians

Glaucoma: what the trials found

Several fixed-dose combinations and individual agents have been evaluated for intraocular pressure (IOP) management. Netarsudil/latanoprost combination showed mean reductions in IOP of 15.7% to 21.2% at week 12 8. Brinzolamide/brimonidine tartrate suspension demonstrated significant reductions in IOP across various time points throughout the day 13, while Cosopt (dorzolamide/timolol) and Combigan were also utilized in established clinical contexts [14, 11, 22].

The impact of various treatments on ocular surface health and side effects is documented. Bimatoprost 0.01% was associated with a 33.3% to 37.7% rate of treatment-related ocular surface adverse events 12, while Travoprost showed varying rates of ocular hyperemia and corneal staining over time 20. Xalatan was associated with significant changes in Tear Break up Time (TBUT) 7. Additionally, periocular skin hyperpigmentation was not significantly different across latanoprost, bimatoprost, and travoprost treatments over a one-year period 17.

Surgical and adjunctive interventions also contribute to management. Trabeculectomy with preoperative Diamox/DexaEDO treatment resulted in mean IOP changes of 8.12 to 8.30 three months post-procedure 16. Bevacizumab was shown to result in significant reductions in intraocular pressure 9.

Individual variability in physiological responses is established; studies showed significant variations between individuals regarding eye pressure response to timolol and latanoprost, as well as differences in aqueous flow and episcleral venous pressure 6.

Recent results — preliminary, needs further review

  • T4090 0.2% showed mean diurnal IOP reductions of -4.6 to -5.07 (p=0.376) 2.
  • A comparison between Baerveldt 350 and Ahmed ClearPath 250 tube shunt implantations was conducted 3.
  • XEN-45 Gel Stent showed a mean reduction in IOP of approximately 9% to 13.6% over 12 months (p<0.001) 5.

For the clinician treating this condition

  • Fixed combinations like Netarsudil/latanoprost and Brinzolamide/brimonidine provide measurable reductions in IOP [8, 13].
  • Clinical management must account for significant individual variability in aqueous flow and pressure responses to standard medications like timolol and latanoprost 6.
  • Long-term monitoring of the ocular surface is relevant as treatments such as bimatoprost can lead to reported adverse events [12, 20].

AI synthesis of 12 cited trials, updated Jun 23, 2026. Informational only — not medical advice; trial data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. How we use AI.

HCP Mode — summaries include clinical detail, trial data, and statistical outcomes.
Patient Mode — summaries use plain language, avoiding clinical jargon.
Glaucoma surgery in children with primary congenital or juvenile open-angle glaucoma shows persistent vessel narrowing and cup reversal
Rheumatology Cohort
Glaucoma surgery in children with primary congenital or juvenile open-angle glaucoma shows persistent vessel narrowing and cup reversal Study tracks eye blood vessel changes after glaucoma surgery in children
This prospective, comparative cohort study evaluated 24 glaucomatous eyes and 24 age-matched normal control eyes.
Glaucoma surgery in children lowers eye pressure but leaves tiny blood vessels around the optic nerve abnormally narrow even after the opera…
Frontiers Apr 20, 2026
GATT reduces IOP in normal-tension glaucoma patients over 24 months
Rheumatology Cohort
GATT reduces IOP in normal-tension glaucoma patients over 24 months GATT Surgery Lowers Eye Pressure for Years
This single-center retrospective case series evaluated gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) in 9 patients with normal-tensi…
GATT surgery lowered eye pressure by an average of 4 mmHg for two years in patients with normal-tension glaucoma, offering a long-term alter…
Frontiers Apr 18, 2026
Rare LOXL1 variants associated with exfoliation syndrome and secondary glaucoma risk in US cohorts
Genetics & Precision Medicine Cohort
Rare LOXL1 variants associated with exfoliation syndrome and secondary glaucoma risk in US cohorts Rare Gene Changes Might Protect Against Glaucoma
This cohort study analyzed exome array and sequence data from 1118 XFS/XFG cases and 3661 controls in the Mass Eye and Ear cohort, plus 284 …
Rare genetic changes in a specific eye gene may protect against glaucoma, offering hope for those with a family history of vision loss.
medRxiv Apr 18, 2026
Phacoemulsification with IOL implantation shows higher IOL prediction error in Chinese PACG patients
Ophthalmology
Phacoemulsification with IOL implantation shows higher IOL prediction error in Chinese PACG patients Why Some Glaucoma Patients Still Need Glasses After Cataract Surgery
An observational study of 165 Chinese primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) patients and 53 cataract patients found that PACG patients had s…
Eye shape changes after glaucoma surgery can cause blurry vision post-cataract surgery, but new research identifies key measurements to impr…
medRxiv Apr 16, 2026
Laser peripheral iridotomy reduces persistent angle closure in primary angle-closure suspects at 5 years
Ophthalmology RCT
Laser peripheral iridotomy reduces persistent angle closure in primary angle-closure suspects at 5 years Why Some Eyes Stay Narrow Even After the Laser
A 5-year subanalysis of an RCT in Singaporean patients with primary angle-closure suspects found laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) was associ…
The laser still helps most eyes stay open long-term, but a thicker iris and younger age make some eyes keep closing anyway.
Apr 13, 2026
Modeling study finds variable ciliary body anatomy may affect subliminal cyclophotocoagulation dosing in glaucoma
Ophthalmology
Modeling study finds variable ciliary body anatomy may affect subliminal cyclophotocoagulation dosing in glaucoma Your Glaucoma Laser Treatment Might Be Missing the Target
A modeling study of 24,001 eyes from a biometric database estimated ciliary body arc length (ECBAL) for subliminal transscleral cyclophotoco…
A new eye model reveals that using a one-size-fits-all approach for a common glaucoma laser could be leading to under- or over-treatment for…
medRxiv Apr 11, 2026
Combined cataract and retrobulbar Ahmed drainage surgery shows preliminary IOP reduction in advanced glaucoma
Ophthalmology Cohort
Combined cataract and retrobulbar Ahmed drainage surgery shows preliminary IOP reduction in advanced glaucoma Small study explores combined eye surgery for advanced glaucoma in Black patients
A retrospective cohort of 12 Black and Afro-Latino patients with advanced glaucoma underwent combined phacoemulsification and retrobulbar/in…
A new combined eye surgery lowered pressure and reduced daily drops for advanced glaucoma patients, with stable vision and no serious compli…
Frontiers Apr 9, 2026
Phacoemulsification with endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation lowers IOP and medication needs versus phaco alone in PACG with cataract
Ophthalmology RCT
Phacoemulsification with endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation lowers IOP and medication needs versus phaco alone in PACG with cataract Combined glaucoma and cataract surgery shows modest pressure benefit in small study
This randomized controlled trial enrolled 66 patients with primary angle closure glaucoma and cataract.
Adding a laser treatment to cataract surgery lowered eye pressure and reduced medication needs for patients with a specific type of glaucoma…
Apr 6, 2026
Meta-analysis finds contralateral IOP reduction after unilateral selective laser trabeculoplasty
Ophthalmology Meta-analysis
Meta-analysis finds contralateral IOP reduction after unilateral selective laser trabeculoplasty Unilateral SLT treatment linked to lower pressure in the other eye
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 9 studies (478 eyes) in POAG and OHT patients found unilateral SLT was associated with a mean contr…
Treating one eye with laser therapy lowers pressure in the other eye by an average of 1.85 mmHg without reported safety concerns.
Apr 6, 2026
Microdrop device reduces bottle exhaustion and adverse events in glaucoma patients on monotherapy
Ophthalmology RCT
Microdrop device reduces bottle exhaustion and adverse events in glaucoma patients on monotherapy Small study finds microdrop device may lower eye pressure and reduce medication waste in glaucoma
A prospective randomized crossover trial in 29 adults with stable glaucoma or ocular hypertension on monotherapy found microdrops decreased …
A new device lowers eye pressure better than standard drops and cuts waste, stopping 83% of users from running out of medication early.
Apr 3, 2026
Meta-analysis finds nearly half of Ethiopian glaucoma patients report poor quality of life
Ophthalmology Meta-analysis
Meta-analysis finds nearly half of Ethiopian glaucoma patients report poor quality of life Nearly half of glaucoma patients in Ethiopian hospital studies report poor quality of life
A systematic review and meta-analysis of four hospital-based studies in Ethiopia found a pooled prevalence of poor quality of life of 47% am…
Nearly half of Ethiopian glaucoma patients report poor quality of life due to vision loss, limited care access, and economic hardship.
Apr 2, 2026
CW-CPC shows greater sustained IOP reduction than MP-CPC in pediatric glaucoma meta-analysis
Ophthalmology Meta-analysis
CW-CPC shows greater sustained IOP reduction than MP-CPC in pediatric glaucoma meta-analysis Review finds continuous wave laser more effective than micropulse for childhood glaucoma pressure
A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing cyclophotocoagulation techniques in children with glaucoma found continuous wave (CW-CPC) pr…
A review of past research shows the older continuous wave laser lowers eye pressure better than the newer micropulse method in children with…
Apr 2, 2026