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Home › Conditions › Arthritis

Arthritis

Subtypes of Arthritis

Rheumatoid Arthritis 128 Osteoarthritis 47 Knee Osteoarthritis 42 Sjogren's Syndrome 15 Ankylosing Spondylitis 12 Gout 10 Axial spondyloarthritis 7 Hip Osteoarthritis 6 Spondyloarthritis 4 Juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis 2 Adult-Onset Still's Disease 1 Enthesitis-related arthritis 1 Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis 1 Charcot shoulder arthropathy 0 Ochronotic arthropathy 0

244 published articles · Updated continuously

Clinical Trial Landscape

Clinical Trials for Arthritis

48 trials tracked for Arthritis: 10 in phase 3 or 4 and 3 with published results. The most-cited published study has 151 citations.

48Trials tracked
10Phase 3 & 4
0Recruiting
3With published results
Phase distribution
Phase 4 3 Phase 3 7 Phase 2 7 Phase 1 2 Other / NA 29
  1. Phase 3 Tanezumab in Osteoarthritis of the Knee Completed · 151 cited
  2. Phase 3 Tanezumab in Osteoarthritis Of The Hip Completed · 150 cited
  3. Phase 3 Tanezumab In Osteoarthritis Of The Knee (2) Completed · 86 cited
  4. Phase 4 Evaluation Exparel Delivered in Knee Replacement Completed
  5. Phase 4 Desflurane or Propofol Anesthesia in Elderly Obese Patients Undergoing Total Knee Replacement Completed
  6. Phase 4 Prospective Evaluation of Vitagel for Reduction in Blood Loss and Pain Following Unilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty Completed
Show 42 more trials
  1. Phase 3 Impact of TheraWorx Foam on Symptom Relief in Thumb Arthritis Completed
  2. Phase 3 Switching Drug Therapy for the Prevention of Blood Clot Formation From Enoxaparin to Rivaroxaban After Orthopedic Surgery for Either Total Hip or Total Knee Replacement Completed
  3. Phase 3 Golimumab in Rheumatoid Arthritis Participants With an Inadequate Response to Etanercept (ENBREL) or Adalimumab (HUMIRA) Completed
  4. Phase 3 A Study to Compare the Frequency of Constipation Symptoms With Tapentadol Immediate Release (IR) Treatment Versus Oxycodone IR Treatment in Patients With End-stage Joint Disease Completed
  5. Phase 2 OHI--Randomized Control Trial to Evaluate Efficacy, Acceptability, and Perception of Benefit of an Innovative Custom AFO Completed
  6. Phase 2 Biomarker-Linked Outcomes of Cellcept in Lupus Arthritis Completed
  7. Phase 2 Sustained Acoustic Medicine (SAM) for Symptomatic Treatment of Knee Pain Related to Osteoarthritis Completed
  8. Phase 2 A Study Evaluating Pain Relief and Safety of Orally Administered CR845 in Patients With Osteoarthritis of Hip or Knee Completed
  9. Phase 2 Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of LEVI-04 in Patients With Osteoarthritis of the Knee Completed
  10. Phase 2 Safety and Effectiveness of Live Zoster Vaccine in Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Users (VERVE Trial) Completed
  11. Phase 2 Open-label Extension Study Of RN624 Completed
  12. Phase 1 Sustained Acoustic Medicine (SAM) Combined With a Diclofenac Ultrasound Coupling Patch for Knee Osteoarthritis Completed
  13. Phase 1 Aquatic Exercise and Efficacy Enhancement to Decrease Fall Risk in Older Adults With Hip Osteoarthritis Completed
  14. N/A A Multi-center Outcomes Clinical Study of the PyroTITAN™ HRA Shoulder Implant in Humeral Head Resurfacing Completed
  15. N/A Rehabilitation in Primary Care: A Project to Maximize the Health Status of Adults With Chronic Illness Completed
  16. N/A Augment® Injectable Bone Graft Compared to Autologous Bone Graft as a Bone Regeneration Device in Hindfoot Fusions Completed
  17. N/A Preventing Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis With Physical Activity Promotion Completed
  18. N/A Methotrexate (Rheumatrex) High Dose Special Investigation (Regulatory Post Marketing Commitment Plan) Completed
  19. N/A Marathon and Enduron Polyethylene at Long-Term Follow-up Completed
  20. N/A Advancing Understanding of Transportation Options Completed
  21. N/A Comparison of ARPE Prosthesis With the Literature Completed
  22. N/A 3D MR Versus 3D CT for Glenohumeral Arthritis Completed
  23. N/A A Prospective Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of a Haemostatic Agent in Primary Unilateral Total Hip Arthroplasty Completed
  24. N/A Can Mental Health Chatbots Help Chronic Disease Populations? Completed
  25. N/A Mechanisms of Action of Acetaminophen Completed
  26. N/A MoveStrong at Home: A Feasibility Study of a Model for Remote Delivery of Functional Strength and Balance Training Combined With Nutrition Education for Older Pre-frail Adults. Completed
  27. N/A Periprosthetic Bone Mineral Density After Total Hip Arthroplasty Performed Through a Minimally Invasive Anterior Approach (AMIS) With Either an AMIStem or a Quadra Femoral Component Completed
  28. N/A Safety and Efficacy of Gardasil in Females With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA)/Seronegative Arthritis Completed
  29. N/A Evaluation of Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) Therapy for Pain Relief Following Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) Completed
  30. N/A Energy Dispersive Bracing for Conservative Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis Completed
  31. N/A The Health Access and Recovery Peer Program Completed
  32. N/A Connected Healthcare for Individuals Living at Home With Chronic Conditions Completed
  33. N/A I Am Able: Population Based Rehabilitation in a Family Health Team Completed
  34. N/A Phone-Based Based Walk With Ease Program for Adults With Arthritis Completed
  35. N/A Study Comparing Marathon Polyethylene and Enduron Polyethylene Acetabular Liners Used in Total Hip Arthroplasty Completed
  36. N/A Yoga as Self-Care for Arthritis in Minority Communities Completed
  37. N/A Staying Positive With Arthritis Study Completed
  38. N/A Total Hip Arthroplasty Outcomes With Regional and Multimodal Analgesia Completed
  39. N/A PyroTITAN Humeral Resurfacing Arthroplasty (HRA) Completed
  40. N/A Etanercept (Enbrel) Special Investigation (Regulatory Post Marketing Commitment Plan) Completed
  41. N/A Trial Outcomes for Massage: Caregiver-Assisted vs. Therapist-Treated Completed
  42. N/A Functional Exercise and Nutrition Education Program for Older Adults Completed

Showing the 48 most-cited and recently-updated of 48 trials. Browse the full registry →

Trial data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. Counts describe the research landscape and are not a treatment recommendation. Informational only — not medical advice.

Arthritis: current evidence & treatments

The current evidence on arthritis encompasses diverse mechanisms and clinical findings across various subtypes. For gout, a narrative review proposes a Two-Hit theoretical framework involving the gut-joint axis and m6A epigenetic modifications, where high uric acid causes bacterial stress and release of outer membrane vesicles that may drive synovial inflammation 1. In osteoarthritis, NF-κB signaling is identified as a central hub integrating mechanical stress, innate immunity, and metabolic cues to promote joint degeneration 2. Additionally, the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) is implicated in aging-related osteoarthritis and disc degeneration 19, and a systematic review of Dendrobium phenanthrenes notes that only 6.2% of compounds have in vivo evidence for osteoarthritis 22. For knee osteoarthritis, a cohort study found that the Cartilage Thickness Score (CTh-Score) was higher in future cases 5, and a meta-analysis of Wuqinxi exercise showed improvements in joint function 15. An umbrella review suggests curcumin may offer comparable efficacy and better tolerability than NSAIDs for osteoarthritis symptoms 16. In total knee arthroplasty, kinematic alignment was superior to mechanical alignment for function and pain outcomes 9.

For rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a randomized trial found that short-term prednisolone bridging enabled 95% discontinuation after 24 months 4. A meta-analysis reported an increased risk of thyroid cancer in RA patients (HR 1.28) 7, while a narrative review found that most biologic and targeted synthetic DMARDs have reassuring malignancy safety, though TNF inhibitors increase non-melanoma skin cancer risk 6. Sleep problems affect 61% of adults with RA in WHO EMRO countries 10. Microbiota-targeted interventions for elderly-onset RA require further investigation 11. A meta-analysis of upadacitinib found similar efficacy for 15 mg and 30 mg doses in RA 18. CD38+ NK cells may link disrupted immune tolerance in RA and colorectal cancer 13. Narrative reviews discuss m6A modification and metabolic reprogramming 23, CD40/CD40L signaling 20, and PAD4-mediated citrullination 21 in RA. For juvenile idiopathic arthritis, stress-induced IL-6 upregulation impairs skeletal growth 3, and a case series of ruxolitinib for systemic juvenile arthritis with macrophage activation syndrome showed improvement 14. In ankylosing spondylitis, a large meta-analysis identified 30 new genetic loci 8. For inflammatory arthritis, a living systematic review found low-certainty evidence that stopping csDMARDs before surgery may increase flare risk 17. Gut microbiome metabolites like short-chain fatty acids and bile acids regulate bone health via multiple pathways 12.

Overall, the evidence highlights the complexity of arthritis pathophysiology and treatment, with emerging roles for epigenetic modifications, microbiome interactions, and personalized surgical approaches. However, many findings are from narrative reviews or studies with limited sample sizes, and further high-quality research is needed to confirm these associations and translate them into clinical practice.

Key drugs in the evidence

sulfasalazine 1

Latest findings

AI-generated synthesis of 22 cited studies, updated Jun 12, 2026. How we use AI.

HCP Mode — summaries include clinical detail, trial data, and statistical outcomes.
Patient Mode — summaries use plain language, avoiding clinical jargon.
Meta-analysis finds nausea in 24% and abdominal pain in 20% of RA patients on methotrexate
Rheumatology Meta-analysis
Meta-analysis finds nausea in 24% and abdominal pain in 20% of RA patients on methotrexate How common is nausea and stomach pain for RA patients on methotrexate?
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 37 studies involving 19,986 adult RA patients on methotrexate found pooled prevalence rates of 24.3…
Nearly one in five rheumatoid arthritis patients taking methotrexate experience nausea or stomach pain, with about 8.5% stopping the drug du…
Apr 1, 2026
Menopausal hormone therapy associated with modestly increased rheumatoid arthritis risk in meta-analysis
Rheumatology Meta-analysis
Menopausal hormone therapy associated with modestly increased rheumatoid arthritis risk in meta-analysis Menopausal hormone therapy linked to small increase in rheumatoid arthritis risk
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 5 studies with over 22 million person-years of follow-up in postmenopausal women found menopausal h…
Women using menopausal hormone therapy face a slightly higher risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis, particularly with long-term use.
Apr 1, 2026
Phase III trial of AK111 for active ankylosing spondylitis completed with 510 patients
Rheumatology Phase III
Phase III trial of AK111 for active ankylosing spondylitis completed with 510 patients Can a new drug help people with painful spinal arthritis move more freely?
A Phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study evaluated AK111 in 510 patients with active ankylosing spondyli…
A new drug called AK111 aims to help people with painful spinal arthritis move more freely by improving symptoms like pain and stiffness.
CT.gov Mar 30, 2026
Canakinumab shows efficacy in Japanese AOSD patients in Phase 3 open-label study
Rheumatology Phase III
Canakinumab shows efficacy in Japanese AOSD patients in Phase 3 open-label study Could a monthly injection help control the painful flares of Adult-Onset Still's Disease?
A Phase 3, open-label, single-arm study evaluated canakinumab in 14 Japanese patients with Adult-Onset Still's Disease.
A monthly injection helped Japanese patients with Adult-Onset Still's Disease achieve meaningful symptom relief, supporting approval for thi…
CT.gov Mar 30, 2026