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Home › Conditions › Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia

Subtypes of Schizophrenia

Cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia 1 Schizophrenia-Spectrum Psychosis 1 Schizotypal personality disorder 1 First-episode schizophrenia 0

96 published articles · Updated continuously

Clinical Trial Landscape

Clinical Trials for Schizophrenia

594 trials tracked for Schizophrenia: 271 in phase 3 or 4 and 77 with published results. The most-cited published study has 282 citations.

594Trials tracked
271Phase 3 & 4
0Recruiting
77With published results
Phase distribution
Phase 4 116 Phase 3 155 Phase 2 111 Phase 1 46 Other / NA 166
  1. Phase 3 A Trial to Assess the Antipsychotic Efficacy of ITI-007 Completed · 282 cited
  2. Phase 4 Psychosocial Therapy and Risperidone Treatment in Work Performance in Recent-Onset Schizophrenia Completed · 257 cited
  3. Phase 4 Oral Versus Injectable Risperidone for Treating First-Episode Schizophrenia Completed · 257 cited
  4. Phase 4 The Effects of Nicotine on Cognition in Schizophrenia Completed · 239 cited
  5. Phase 3 A Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety of KarXT in Acutely Psychotic Hospitalized Adult Patients With Schizophrenia (EMERGENT-2) Completed · 229 cited
  6. Phase 3 Efficacy and Safety of Iloperidone Compared With Placebo and Active Control in Subjects With Acute Schizophrenia Completed · 205 cited
Show 44 more trials
  1. Phase 4 Comparison of a Long-acting Injectable Antipsychotic vs Clinician's Choice Early in Treatment to Break the Cycle of Relapse in Early Phase Schizophrenics Completed · 201 cited
  2. Phase 4 Memantine Effects on Sensorimotor Gating and Neurocognition in Schizophrenia Completed · 172 cited
  3. Phase 4 Efficacy Study of Galantamine for Cognitive Impairments in Schizophrenia Completed · 170 cited
  4. Phase 3 Safety and Efficacy of Cariprazine in Patients With Schizophrenia Completed · 168 cited
  5. Phase 3 A Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety of KarXT in Acutely Psychotic Hospitalized Adult Patients With Schizophrenia (EMERGENT-3) Completed · 167 cited
  6. Phase 4 Varenicline Adjunctive Treatment in Schizophrenia Completed · 141 cited
  7. Phase 4 Comparison of Aripiprazole and Risperidone for the Treatment of People With First-Episode Psychosis Completed · 112 cited
  8. Phase 4 Varenicline Effects In Schizophrenic Smokers Completed · 106 cited
  9. Phase 4 The Effect of N-Acetyl Cysteine on Cortical Erosion in Early Stage Schizophrenia Completed · 103 cited
  10. Phase 3 A Study of Cariprazine in the Prevention of Relapse of Symptoms in Participants With Schizophrenia Completed · 100 cited
  11. Phase 3 Long-term Study of Cariprazine in Patients With Schizophrenia Completed · 84 cited
  12. Phase 4 Varenicline for Cognitive Deficits and Cigarette Smoking in Schizophrenia - Efficacy and Predictors Completed · 73 cited
  13. Phase 4 Preventing Relapse in Schizophrenia: Oral Antipsychotics Compared To Injectables: Evaluating Efficacy Completed · 72 cited
  14. Phase 3 Safety and Efficacy of Cariprazine in Schizophrenia Completed · 71 cited
  15. Phase 3 Safety and Tolerability Study of Oral OPC-34712 as Maintenance Treatment in Adults With Schizophrenia Completed · 66 cited
  16. Phase 4 Antidepressant Controlled Trial for Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia Completed · 65 cited
  17. Phase 3 A Study of Paliperidone Palmitate 6-Month Formulation Completed · 62 cited
  18. Phase 4 Pioglitazone as a Treatment for Lipid and Glucose Abnormalities In Patients With Schizophrenia Completed · 54 cited
  19. Phase 3 A Study of ALKS 3831 in Adults With Acute Exacerbation of Schizophrenia (the ENLIGHTEN-1 Study) Completed · 54 cited
  20. Phase 3 A Long-term Safety Study of ALKS 9072 (Also Known as ALKS 9070) Completed · 52 cited
  21. Phase 4 Effects of Armodafinil on Cognition for Patients With Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective Disorder Completed · 37 cited
  22. Phase 3 Study to Evaluate TV-46000 as Maintenance Treatment in Adult and Adolescent Participants With Schizophrenia Completed · 31 cited
  23. Phase 3 Efficacy of Cognitive Remediation in Patients With Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective Disorder Stabilized on Lurasidone Completed · 31 cited
  24. Phase 3 Dexmedetomidine in the Treatment of Agitation Associated With Schizophrenia Completed · 29 cited
  25. Phase 3 Relapse Prevention Study in Patients With Schizophrenia Completed · 28 cited
  26. Phase 4 Telmisartan as an Adjunctive Treatment for Metabolic Problems in Patients With Schizophrenia Completed · 27 cited
  27. Phase 4 Naltrexone and Bupropion Combination on Obese,Smoking Patients With Schizophrenia Completed · 27 cited
  28. Phase 3 A Study of ALKS 3831 in Adults With Schizophrenia (The ENLIGHTEN-2 Study) Completed · 24 cited
  29. Phase 3 Long-term Study of DSP-5423P in Patients With Schizophrenia Completed · 24 cited
  30. Phase 3 Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety of HP3070 in Subjects Diagnosed With Schizophrenia. Completed · 23 cited
  31. Phase 3 Tryptophan MRI in People With Schizophrenia and Healthy Controls Completed · 21 cited
  32. Phase 3 A Study of Aripiprazole Lauroxil or Paliperidone Palmitate for the Treatment of Schizophrenia Completed · 20 cited
  33. Phase 3 Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Risperidone ISM® in Patients With Acute Schizophrenia: Open Label Extension Completed · 20 cited
  34. Phase 3 A Study of Paliperidone Palmitate 6-Month Formulation Completed · 18 cited
  35. Phase 4 A Trial to Explore Acceptance and Performance of Using a Digital Medicine System With Healthcare Professionals and Adults With Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Disorder, or First Episode Psychosis on an Oral Atypical Antipsychotic Completed · 17 cited
  36. Phase 3 A Study to Compare Disease Progression and Modification Following Treatment With Paliperidone Palmitate Long-Acting Injection or Oral Antipsychotics in Participant's With Recent-onset Schizophrenia or Schizophreniform Completed · 15 cited
  37. Phase 3 Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of ALKS 3831 on Body Weight in Young Adults Who Have Been Recently Diagnosed With Schizophrenia, Schizophreniform, or Bipolar I Disorder Completed · 15 cited
  38. Phase 3 Clinical Trial of Iclepertin Effect on Cognition and Functional Capacity in Schizophrenia (CONNEX-1) Completed · 12 cited
  39. Phase 3 CONNEX-3: A Study to Test Whether Iclepertin Improves Learning and Memory in People With Schizophrenia Completed · 12 cited
  40. Phase 3 A Study to Test if TV-46000 is Safe for Maintenance Treatment of Schizophrenia Completed · 12 cited
  41. Phase 3 Clinical Trial of Iclepertin Effect on Cognition and Functional Capacity in Schizophrenia (CONNEX-2) Completed · 12 cited
  42. Phase 3 Trial to Evaluate the Short-term Safety & Efficacy of Brexpiprazole Monotherapy in the Treatment of Adolescents With Schizophrenia Completed · 12 cited
  43. Phase 3 Effect of Lu AF35700 in Patients With Treatment-resistant Schizophrenia Completed · 12 cited
  44. Phase 3 Study of Paliperidone Palmitate 3 Month and 1 Month Formulations for the Treatment of Patients With Schizophrenia Completed · 12 cited

Showing the 50 most-cited and recently-updated of 594 trials. Browse the full registry →

Trial data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. Counts describe the research landscape and are not a treatment recommendation. Informational only — not medical advice.

What the trials found Updated — new results For clinicians

Schizophrenia: what the trials found

Several pharmacological interventions have demonstrated efficacy in managing symptoms and improving outcomes in schizophrenia. TV-44749 showed significant improvements in PANSS total scores, CGI-S scores, and Personal and Social Performance (PSP) scales at week 8 5. Memantine was associated with significant improvements in the Positive & Negative Symptom Scale Total (PANSSt) and the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery Global Composite T-score (MCCB-C) 7.

Pharmacological management also addresses specific side effects and functional outcomes. Valbenazine demonstrated a reduction in Tardive Dyskinesia Impact Scale (TDIS) scores, as well as improvements in Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) items and Euro Quality of Life Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS) 1. Oral Risperidone was associated with improved medication adherence and a lower number of participants experiencing exacerbation or relapse of psychotic symptoms 18. Additionally, Risperidone showed significant results in MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery scores and Work/School Functioning scales 19.

Other interventions show varying evidence for specific outcomes. A sublingual film containing Igalmi resulted in reductions across multiple components of the Positive and Negative Syndrome results 2. While some trials investigated cognitive and functional measures, such as those involving Iclepertin 4 or Xanomeline and Trospium Chloride 8, these did not reach statistical significance for primary outcomes like PANSS or SCoRS scores.

recent-not-corroborated":["N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was associated with significant changes in Serum Kynurenine, Kynurenic Acid levels, and Whole Brain Gray Matter Cerebral Blood Flow 10.", "The iTEST intervention showed a statistically significant improvement in Trained Introspective Accuracy 13.", "CRAFT-EP showed significant improvements in family wellbeing regarding depression and anxiety 15.", "Cognitive training demonstrated significantly higher performance in the number of levels completed, though results for other metrics like WHODAS 2.0 were not statistically significant 16."],

For the clinician treating this condition

  • TV-44749 and Memantine have shown statistically significant improvements in core symptom scales (PANSS, PANSSt) and cognitive batteries (MCCB-C).
  • Valbenazine is associated with a reduction in Tardive Dyskinesia impact scores.
  • Risperidone has been linked to improved medication adherence and reduced rates of psychotic symptom relapse.

AI synthesis of 12 cited trials, updated Jun 23, 2026. Informational only — not medical advice; trial data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. How we use AI.

HCP Mode — summaries include clinical detail, trial data, and statistical outcomes.
Patient Mode — summaries use plain language, avoiding clinical jargon.
Danish cohort study identifies ten clinically distinct schizophrenia subgroups with genetic associations
Psychiatry Cohort
Danish cohort study identifies ten clinically distinct schizophrenia subgroups with genetic associations What if schizophrenia isn't one illness, but ten different ones?
An observational cohort study of 22,092 individuals in the Danish iPSYCH registry identified ten clinically distinct schizophrenia spectrum …
Ten different conditions exist within schizophrenia, each with unique symptoms and genetic patterns found in over 22,000 Danish patients.
medRxiv Apr 5, 2026
Meta-analysis links auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia to specific brain activity patterns and neurotransmitter systems
Psychiatry Meta-analysis
Meta-analysis links auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia to specific brain activity patterns and neurotransmitter systems Brain activity patterns linked to hearing voices in schizophrenia, research review finds
A systematic review and meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies in schizophrenia patients with auditory verbal hallucinations found AVH associ…
Hearing voices in schizophrenia is linked to increased brain activity in hearing and language areas alongside decreased activity in sensorim…
Apr 4, 2026
Protocol published for trial testing tDCS plus cognitive training in schizophrenia
Psychiatry RCT
Protocol published for trial testing tDCS plus cognitive training in schizophrenia Researchers plan trial to test brain stimulation plus cognitive training for schizophrenia
A study protocol describes a future randomized controlled trial of 120 adults with stable schizophrenia.
A new trial plans to test if gentle brain stimulation combined with computer training improves thinking and memory for people with schizophr…
medRxiv Apr 4, 2026
Gray matter volume deviations in schizophrenia linked to symptom severity and cognitive function
Psychiatry Cohort
Gray matter volume deviations in schizophrenia linked to symptom severity and cognitive function Can brain volume patterns help us understand schizophrenia symptoms?
An observational cohort study of 379 schizophrenia spectrum disorder patients and 149 healthy controls found that more negative gray matter …
A scattered pattern of less brain tissue linked to focusing on important details predicts how severe schizophrenia symptoms are.
medRxiv Apr 4, 2026
Antipsychotic exposure shows time-dependent associations with vocational recovery in schizophrenia cohort
Psychiatry Cohort
Antipsychotic exposure shows time-dependent associations with vocational recovery in schizophrenia cohort Do antipsychotics help people with schizophrenia get back to work or school?
A Danish register-based cohort study of 65,630 individuals with incident schizophrenia spectrum disorders found antipsychotic exposure was a…
Antipsychotic medication use initially lowers work or school chances for schizophrenia patients but eventually shows a small positive link a…
medRxiv Apr 4, 2026
Meta-analysis finds no evidence for atypical reliance on prior expectations in schizophrenia-spectrum psychosis
Psychiatry Meta-analysis
Meta-analysis finds no evidence for atypical reliance on prior expectations in schizophrenia-spectrum psychosis Large review finds no evidence that psychosis involves unusual reliance on expectations
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 904 adults with schizophrenia-spectrum psychosis and 1,039 healthy controls found no evidence for a…
A large review of over 1,800 adults found no evidence that people with psychosis rely unusually on expectations compared to healthy individu…
medRxiv Apr 3, 2026
Case-control study links splenomegaly to elevated metabolic and inflammatory markers in chronic schizophrenia
Psychiatry Case-Control
Case-control study links splenomegaly to elevated metabolic and inflammatory markers in chronic schizophrenia Why do some people with schizophrenia develop an enlarged spleen?
A case-control study of 426 patients with chronic schizophrenia found those with splenomegaly had significantly higher levels of lipoprotein…
People with schizophrenia who have an enlarged spleen also show higher levels of cholesterol, blood fats, and inflammation markers compared …
Frontiers Apr 3, 2026
Psychological interventions show minimal symptom benefit, no substance use effect in schizophrenia with SUD
Psychiatry Meta-analysis
Psychological interventions show minimal symptom benefit, no substance use effect in schizophrenia with SUD Do current talk therapies help people with schizophrenia who also use substances?
A meta-analysis of 35 RCTs (3,831 participants) found psychological interventions for adults with schizophrenia and substance use disorders …
Nearly half of people with schizophrenia also use substances, yet current talk therapies show almost no benefit for reducing drug or alcohol…
Apr 3, 2026
Meta-analysis finds distinct hedonic deficits in schizophrenia and depression
Psychiatry Meta-analysis
Meta-analysis finds distinct hedonic deficits in schizophrenia and depression How do depression and schizophrenia change how we look forward to things?
A meta-analysis of 1,464 participants found schizophrenia spectrum individuals reported less anticipated pleasure than controls (g = -0.22, …
People with depression expect less joy and more dread from the future, while those with schizophrenia expect less joy but feel the same drea…
Apr 3, 2026
Active tDCS shows large effect on life engagement in schizophrenia outpatients versus sham
Psychiatry RCT
Active tDCS shows large effect on life engagement in schizophrenia outpatients versus sham Can brain stimulation help people with schizophrenia feel more engaged with life?
A randomized controlled trial of 50 outpatients with schizophrenia found active tDCS (15 weekday sessions) produced significantly greater re…
Non-invasive brain stimulation helped people with schizophrenia feel more engaged in daily life, work, and relationships after 15 sessions.
Apr 3, 2026
Meta-analysis finds mGluR modulators show no significant efficacy for schizophrenia symptoms
Psychiatry Meta-analysis
Meta-analysis finds mGluR modulators show no significant efficacy for schizophrenia symptoms Study finds experimental schizophrenia drugs not more effective than current treatments
A meta-analysis of 10 RCTs involving 3715 participants with schizophrenia found that mGluR agonists and positive allosteric modulators (POMA…
New experimental drugs for schizophrenia did not improve symptoms better than current standard treatments and caused more side effects leadi…
Apr 2, 2026
Case-control study finds no link between Toxoplasma gondii, IFN-γ polymorphism, and paranoid schizophrenia in males
Psychiatry Cohort
Case-control study finds no link between Toxoplasma gondii, IFN-γ polymorphism, and paranoid schizophrenia in males Does a common parasite increase schizophrenia risk in men? New study finds no link
This case-control study of 103 adult males with paranoid schizophrenia and 102 healthy controls found no evidence that Toxoplasma gondii ser…
A common parasite carried by many people does not increase the risk of schizophrenia in men, according to a new study that found no link bet…
Frontiers Mar 30, 2026

Questions about Schizophrenia

Will taking semaglutide help improve my physical quality of life if I have schizophrenia and prediabetes?

Semaglutide can improve physical quality of life in people with schizophrenia and prediabetes, likely by helping with weight loss and metabolic health.

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What does the research say about psychosis rates in people with bipolar disorder?

A large meta-analysis found that about 47% of people with bipolar disorder experience mood-incongruent psychosis, and psychotic symptoms are common, especially in bipolar I disorder.

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Is there a link between schizophrenia and higher heart rate based on recent studies?

Yes, recent studies show people with schizophrenia tend to have a higher resting heart rate, which may contribute to their increased risk of sudden cardiac death.

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Do GLP-1 drugs help reduce weight and sugar levels in severe mental illness?

Yes, GLP-1 drugs significantly reduce weight and HbA1c in people with severe mental illness, with low dropout rates, but benefits may fade after stopping.

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Will taking cariprazine help me lose weight if I previously used olanzapine?

Yes, switching from olanzapine to cariprazine may help you lose weight, based on a 12-week study showing modest weight reduction compared to aripiprazole.

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Does having schizophrenia increase the risk of heart problems like high heart rate?

Yes, schizophrenia is linked to a higher resting heart rate and increased risk of heart rhythm problems, according to a large meta-analysis.

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Can the new monthly injection Perseris be used to treat adult schizophrenia?

Yes, Perseris (risperidone) is FDA-approved for once-monthly subcutaneous injection to treat schizophrenia in adults.

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See all 7 questions about Schizophrenia →